[Federal Register: May 31, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 103)]
[Rules and Regulations]               
[Page 31277-31315]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr31my05-9]                         


[[Page 31277]]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Part V





Office of Personnel Management





-----------------------------------------------------------------------



5 CFR Part 294, et al.



Changes in Pay Administration Rules for General Schedule Employees; 
Interim Rule


[[Page 31278]]


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

5 CFR Parts 294, 359, 362, 451, 530, 531, 532, 534, 536, 550, 591, 
630, 831, and 842

RIN 3206-AK88

 
Changes in Pay Administration Rules for General Schedule 
Employees

AGENCY: Office of Personnel Management.

ACTION: Interim rule with request for comments.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Office of Personnel Management is issuing interim 
regulations to implement section 301 of the Federal Workforce 
Flexibility Act of 2004, which amends the rules governing pay setting 
for employees covered by the General Schedule. In particular, we are 
revising provisions related to special rates, locality rates, and 
retained rates. The statutory and regulatory changes are designed to 
correct a variety of pay administration anomalies that resulted in 
unfair pay reductions or unwarranted pay increases, to allow locality 
rates and special rates to be treated in similar ways, and to improve 
the operation of the special rates program.

DATES: Effective Date: The interim regulations are effective on May 1, 
2005.
    Comment Date: Comments must be received on or before August 1, 
2005.

ADDRESSES: Send or deliver written comments to Donald J. Winstead, 
Deputy Associate Director for Pay and Performance Policy, Division for 
Strategic Human Resources Policy, Office of Personnel Management, Room 
7H31, 1900 E Street, NW., Washington, DC 20415-8200, by FAX at (202) 
606-0824; or by e-mail at pay-performance-policy@opm.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Bryce Baker by telephone at (202) 606-
2858; by fax at (202) 606-0824; or by e-mail at 
pay-performance-policy@opm.gov.


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is 
issuing interim regulations to revise the rules that govern pay setting 
for Federal employees covered by the General Schedule (GS) pay system. 
The interim regulations implement the amendments made by section 301 of 
the Federal Workforce Flexibility Act of 2004 (Pub. L. 108-411, October 
30, 2004), hereafter referred to as ``the Act.'' Section 301 amended 
provisions in 5 U.S.C. chapter 53 relating to the administration of 
special rates, locality rates, and retained rates. These amendments 
become effective on the first day of the first pay period beginning on 
or after April 28, 2005--i.e., May 1, 2005. Since the regulations are 
necessary to implement the statutory changes, these regulations are 
issued as interim regulations that take effect on May 1, 2005.
    The changes made by the Act and these implementing regulations are 
designed to correct a variety of pay administration anomalies that have 
produced unfair pay reductions or unwarranted pay increases for 
employees in certain situations. These anomalies resulted largely from 
the introduction of locality pay into the General Schedule pay system 
in 1994. Many of the basic pay administration rules treated special 
rates under 5 U.S.C. 5305 as rates of basic pay, but ignored locality 
rates under 5 U.S.C. 5304. A key objective of the Act and these 
regulations is to treat locality rates and special rates in similar 
ways--i.e., to put them on the same footing. This will result in pay 
rules that are more rational, consistent, and equitable. (See the 
legislative history of section 301 of Pub. L. 108-411, as documented in 
pages 17 through 22 of House Report 108-733, October 5, 2004.)
    The Act requires that, when an employee's official worksite is 
changed to a new location where different pay schedules apply, the 
employee's pay must be converted to the new pay schedules in the new 
location before processing any simultaneous pay action (other than a 
general pay adjustment). This geographic conversion requirement is 
found in 5 U.S.C. 5305(i), 5334(g), and 5363(c), as added or amended by 
the Act, and is incorporated in these interim regulations. Geographic 
conversion ensures that an employee whose official worksite is moved to 
a new location receives the same rate of pay as an employee at the same 
grade and step who was already stationed at the new location and who 
undergoes the same pay actions.
    The Act also is intended to improve the operation and effectiveness 
of the special rates program by allowing special rate determinations to 
be driven by staffing considerations rather than pay administration 
issues and by clarifying OPM's authority to review and adjust special 
rates as it determines necessary. The Act also revises the special 
rates authority in other respects. For example, the Act raises the pay 
limitation on special rates from the rate for level V of the Executive 
Schedule to the rate for level IV of the Executive Schedule. The Act 
also allows agencies to ``opt out'' of special rate schedules.
    The Act makes significant changes related to pay retention under 5 
U.S.C. 5363. Through an amendment to 5 U.S.C. 5302, locality payments 
under 5 U.S.C. 5304 will no longer be paid on top of a retained rate. 
Rather, an employee's pay retention entitlement will be derived from an 
employee's payable (highest) rate of basic pay (including any locality 
rate or special rate) before the action triggering pay retention, and 
that entitlement will be compared to the highest applicable rate range 
(including a locality rate range or a special rate range) for the 
employee's current position. If the pay retention entitlement results 
in a retained rate above the maximum rate of the highest applicable 
rate range for an employee's position, that retained rate generally 
will be increased by an amount equal to 50 percent of any increase in 
that maximum rate. A reduction in an employee's payable rate of basic 
pay resulting from conversion to a lower pay schedule in a different 
geographic area (i.e., geographic conversion) does not trigger 
entitlement to pay retention. Consistent with uncodified section 
301(d)(2) of the Act, we are issuing regulations governing the 
conversion of any existing locality-adjusted retained rate to a new 
retained rate that is equal in amount. Also, various other types of 
saved rates (i.e., rates above range maximums) are being converted to 
retained rates under 5 U.S.C. 5363.
    We are taking this opportunity to reorganize the affected 
regulations and to clarify the meaning of certain provisions. We have 
replaced the verb ``shall'' with ``must'' for added clarity and 
readability. We intend that any provision using the verb ``must'' has 
the same meaning and effect as previous provisions using ``shall.''
    We are also taking this opportunity to remove regulations that are 
obsolete. We are removing subpart C of part 531, which dealt with 
special geographic adjustments for law enforcement officers (LEOs) 
under section 404 of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act of 
1990. All those special geographic adjustments for LEOs have been 
surpassed by regular locality payments under 5 U.S.C. 5304. In 
addition, we are removing subpart G of part 531, which dealt with 
``continued rates''--a form of saved rates that were created under the 
old interim geographic adjustment authority. For the few employees who 
may have an existing continued rate above the applicable rate range, 
the continued rate will be converted to a retained rate under 5 U.S.C. 
5363, as described in the foregoing paragraph on pay retention changes.
    These interim regulations also include conforming changes in other 
parts of OPM's regulations, such as corrections

[[Page 31279]]

of regulatory references and revisions of the definition of ``rate of 
basic pay.''
    The remainder of this SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION reviews the 
significant changes made in the key affected parts and subparts of the 
regulations.

Special Rates

    We have revised and reorganized OPM's regulations on special rate 
schedules for General Schedule employees in part 530, subpart C. The 
revisions implement certain provisions in section 301 of Public Law 
108-411 and make other changes to clarify the rules governing these 
schedules. Following are the key provisions contained in the revised 
subpart C:
     A special rate is defined as consisting of a base rate 
(i.e., the GS rate or, if applicable, the law enforcement officer (LEO) 
special base rate) and a special rate supplement. A special rate 
employee is entitled to the applicable GS rate or LEO special base rate 
for his or her grade and step, just as any other GS employee. A special 
rate employee's pay entitlement differs because of the special rate 
supplement.
     The purposes for which a special rate is basic pay are 
specified in regulation. In general, a special rate is basic pay for 
the same purposes as a locality rate.
     An agency may choose to exclude its employees from 
coverage under a proposed or existing special rate schedule.
     An employee is not entitled to a special rate if he or she 
is entitled to a higher rate of basic pay under another authority 
(e.g., a locality rate or retained rate).
     A special rate may not exceed the rate for level IV of the 
Executive Schedule.
     At the time of a GS annual pay adjustment, a special rate 
employee's GS rate or LEO special base rate is adjusted. OPM determines 
whether the special rate supplement is adjusted and the amount of any 
adjusted supplement.
     Rules for converting an employee's rate of basic pay upon 
establishment, adjustment, or discontinuation of a special rate 
schedule are specified in subpart C. The conversion rules that apply to 
schedule adjustments implement 5 U.S.C. 5305(f).
    Subpart C of part 530 does not contain all the pay-setting rules 
that apply to special rate employees. Parts 531 and 536 (dealing with 
basic pay administration and pay retention, respectively) also 
implement amendments to 5 U.S.C. 5305 made by Public Law 108-411. For 
example, section 5305(i) requires that a special rate undergo a 
geographic conversion when the employee's official worksite is changed 
to a location where different pay schedules apply. This provision is 
implemented in 5 CFR 531.205. In addition, Public Law 108-411 amended 
the pay retention law (5 U.S.C. 5363(c)) to provide that a reduction in 
an employee's special rate as a result of a geographic conversion is 
not a basis for pay retention. This provision is implemented in 5 CFR 
536.303(a). House Report 108-733 (October 5, 2004) stated that section 
5363(c) was ``intended to clarify that local special rates are a 
Government tool to address a local labor market problem, not an 
employee entitlement that employees should be allowed to carry to 
another area where there is no such problem'' (page 19). This approach 
provides for consistent treatment of special rates and locality rates 
for pay retention purposes.
    House Report 108-733 (page 19) also emphasized that the amendments 
to section 5305 ``would make clear that the Government has full 
authority to adjust or not to adjust special rate schedules based on 
staffing needs.'' The House Report explained that determinations 
regarding special rate schedule adjustments are made solely under OPM's 
authority in 5 U.S.C. 5305(d). This means OPM may make determinations 
regarding the adjustment of special rate supplements based on its 
assessment of staffing needs, without regard to the percentage increase 
applied to GS rates. (Special rate employees receive the same 
adjustment in their underlying GS rate as other GS employees. Thus, 
OPM's discretion lies in adjusting the special rate supplement, which, 
for any given grade in a special rate schedule, may be a fixed-dollar 
amount or a fixed-percentage increase.) OPM may, at any time, conduct 
general or targeted reviews of existing special rate schedules and make 
adjustments in special rate supplements as it deems necessary.
    Section 530.309, ``Miscellaneous provisions,'' is patterned after a 
parallel section of miscellaneous provisions in the locality pay 
regulations at 5 CFR 531.611 (which were part of the former locality 
pay regulations at 5 CFR 531.606).

Locality Rates

    We have revised and reorganized OPM's regulations in part 531, 
subpart F, governing locality-based comparability payments under 5 
U.S.C. 5304. The revisions implement certain provisions in section 301 
of Public Law 108-411 and make other changes to clarify the rules 
governing these payments. Following are the key changes contained in 
the revised subpart F:
     The definition of scheduled annual rate of pay is revised 
to exclude any retained rate. Based on amendments to 5 U.S.C. 5302(8) 
and 5363, a retained rate is no longer supplemented by locality 
payments. Instead, a retained rate is a rate that is derived from an 
employee's payable (highest) rate of basic pay (including any locality 
payment or special rate supplement) and compared to the highest 
applicable rate range for the employee's position (including a locality 
rate range or special rate range). (See later discussion of retained 
rates in the ``Grade and Pay Retention'' section of this Supplementary 
Information.)
     Section 531.608(b) makes clear that a special rate 
employee is entitled to any applicable locality payment on the same 
basis as any other GS employee (i.e., based on the employee's 
underlying GS rate or LEO special base rate); however, if the locality 
rate exceeds the corresponding special rate, the special rate 
entitlement is terminated.
     Section 531.609 clarifies that the geographic conversion 
principle applies to the conversion of an employee's locality rate when 
his or her official worksite is changed to a new location where 
different pay schedules apply. (This is consistent with the manner in 
which locality rates have always been treated.)
     Section 531.610 lists new purposes for which a locality 
rate is considered basic pay: (1) Applying GS pay administration 
provisions to the extent provided in part 531, subpart B; (2) applying 
pay administration provisions for prevailing rate employees that use a 
GS rate of basic pay (except as otherwise provided in part 532); (3) 
applying grade and pay retention provisions in 5 CFR part 536 
(consistent with 5 U.S.C. 5361(4) and 5363, as amended); (4) computing 
recruitment, relocation, and retention incentives under 5 U.S.C. 5753 
and 5754 (consistent with OPM's authority under those amended sections 
of law); and (5) computing certain performance-based cash awards as a 
percentage of basic pay (consistent with 5 U.S.C. 4505a, which was 
amended to eliminate the prohibition on using locality rates to compute 
such awards).
    We are inviting comments on whether the final regulations should 
make a change in the treatment of locality rates in computing danger 
pay allowances and post differentials. Since August 2004, OPM 
regulations have provided that locality rates are considered basic pay 
in computing danger pay allowances and post differentials in

[[Page 31280]]

foreign areas for which the State Department has authorized danger pay 
allowances, as long as the employee's official worksite is located in a 
locality pay area (i.e., within the 48 contiguous States). (See 69 FR 
47353, August 5, 2004.) However, locality rates are not used in 
computing post differentials in other foreign areas or in nonforeign 
areas. These interim regulations retain these existing policies. We 
note that this issue has limited scope, since employees receiving 
locality rates are eligible for post differentials only when they are 
temporarily detailed (including a work assignment while in temporary 
duty travel status) to a post differential area for at least 42 
consecutive days. By law, locality pay does not apply to employees 
whose official worksite is outside the 48 contiguous States. (See 5 
U.S.C. 5304(f).)
    Under these interim regulations, in post differential areas 
(foreign and nonforeign) where danger pay allowances do not apply, 
special rates are considered basic pay in computing post differentials, 
while locality rates are not. We invite comments on whether this 
difference in treatment is appropriate.
    We also invite comments on whether we should continue to have a 
different policy for danger pay areas than for other post differential 
areas (foreign and nonforeign). Should we maintain the existing policy 
of using detailed employees' locality rates in computing danger pay 
allowances and post differentials in danger pay areas? Should we extend 
this policy to other post differential areas? If a policy determination 
is made to bar the use of locality rates in computing danger pay 
allowances or post differentials in all areas or to continue to bar the 
use of locality pay in computing post differentials in non-danger pay 
areas, should we also change the policy allowing detailed employees' 
special rates to be used in such computations so that locality rates 
and special rates are administered consistently? Commenters should 
provide specific reasons in support of their position.
    Other significant clarifying changes in subpart F of part 531 
include the following:
     In Sec.  531.607(b), we address the special hourly rate 
computations that apply to firefighters covered by 5 CFR part 550, 
subpart M.
     Throughout subpart F, we replace the term official duty 
station with official worksite. (See especially Sec. Sec.  531.602 and 
531.605.)
    In addition to using the new term official worksite, these interim 
regulations also implement changes in determining an employee's 
official worksite that OPM proposed on January 5, 2005, as part of a 
larger notice of proposed rulemaking (70 FR 1068). That proposal would 
add a new Sec.  531.605 to define the requirements for determining an 
employee's official duty station (hereafter referred to as ``official 
worksite'') for the purpose of identifying an employee's location-based 
pay entitlements, including special rate supplements and locality 
payments. The proposed regulations also addressed official worksite 
determinations for employees temporarily working at other locations and 
teleworking from an alternative worksite. We received comments on this 
part of our proposal from four agencies, one employee union, and two 
individuals.
    An agency felt that the determination of an employee's official 
worksite for pay purposes should be made by individual agencies and not 
be subject to Governmentwide regulations. We do not agree. The 
regulations provide agencies a degree of flexibility in determining an 
employee's official worksite. However, providing certain specific 
criteria in regulations is essential to ensure that agencies pay 
employees fairly and consistently, especially in situations such as 
telework arrangements.
    An agency recommended that Sec.  531.605 be revised to permit an 
agency to leave the official worksite unchanged during the temporary 
assignment of an employee to a position of record in a different 
location when relocation expenses under 5 U.S.C. 5737 are not 
authorized. The agency correctly stated that under current policy, when 
an employee is temporarily promoted or reassigned (not detailed) to a 
position in a different geographic location, the position to which 
temporarily promoted or reassigned must be the employee's position of 
record for pay purposes. (Generally, if detailed, an employee is paid 
based on his or her permanent position of record, including the 
location-based pay entitlements associated with the official worksite 
of the permanent position.) Current policy provides that the employee 
must receive the location-based pay entitlements based on the official 
worksite of the temporary position of record. The agency believes that 
if the length and/or circumstances of the temporary promotion or 
reassignment do not warrant payment of relocation benefits under 5 
U.S.C. 5737, agencies should be able to temporarily promote or reassign 
the employee to the new position of record, but leave the official 
worksite unchanged. Thus, the employee would receive the location-based 
pay entitlements for the official worksite of his or her permanent 
position.
    We believe there are some compelling arguments for changing the 
current policy regarding temporary promotions and reassignments to 
positions in a different location so that an employee's location-based 
pay entitlements are based on the official worksite of the employee's 
permanent position (unless the employee is receiving relocation 
benefits under 5 U.S.C. 5737). However, since this interim regulation 
takes effect upon publication, we are inviting comments on this 
proposed policy change so that we can fully consider all the relevant 
issues before making a change. Any change in the final regulations will 
take into account those comments.
    The employee union and two individuals felt that official worksite 
determinations for pay purposes should be based on where the employee 
works most or the majority of the time. The commenters were 
particularly concerned that Sec.  531.605(d) of the regulations would 
require agencies to designate the regular or reporting worksite as the 
employee's official worksite if the employee works at that site at 
least once a week. An agency requested that the regulations clarify 
that teleworkers must work at the reporting worksite at least once a 
week on a regular and recurring schedule and for a full workday.
    We do not agree with using a majority-of-time criterion instead of 
a once-a-week criterion for determining the official worksite of 
employees for pay purposes. The once-a-week requirement in Sec.  
531.605(d) applies only to employees working under telework 
arrangements, which we believe require special rules. Under the interim 
regulations, the regular worksite will remain the teleworker's official 
worksite, unless the employee does not regularly spend some time at the 
regular worksite. We believe the once-a-week requirement is a 
reasonable standard. In addition, requiring agencies to track the 
number of hours an employee works at different worksites each week and 
whether the employee worked a full or partial workday at the regular 
worksite would be administratively burdensome for agencies and could 
result in frequent changes in an employee's official worksite and 
locality or other pay rates. However, we have revised the proposed 
regulations to provide that the teleworker must report to the regular 
worksite at least once a week on a regular and recurring basis in order 
for the regular worksite to be the employee's official worksite.

[[Page 31281]]

    An agency recommended adding an exception to Sec.  531.605(d) to 
provide agencies with the option of designating the regular worksite as 
the official worksite of a teleworker provided the telework site is 
within the commuting area of the regular worksite. The agency was 
concerned about applying the proposed rules to a number of its 
teleworkers who work at various locations other than their established 
official worksite.
    The interim regulations revise Sec.  531.605(d) to provide that an 
employee under a telework agreement whose work location varies on a 
daily basis need not report at least once a week to the established 
official worksite of the employee's position of record (where the 
employee's work activities are based) as long as the employee is 
performing work within the locality pay area for that regular official 
worksite at least once a week on a regular and recurring basis. The 
interim regulations provide that if an employee covered by a telework 
agreement does not report to the regular official worksite or an 
alternative worksite in the same locality pay area at least once a 
week, the employee's official worksite is the location of the telework 
site (except as provided in Sec.  531.605(d)(3)). (Similar provisions 
apply in determining whether an employee's official worksite is covered 
by a special rate schedule or a nonforeign area cost-of-living 
allowance or post differential. See the definition of ``official 
worksite'' in Sec. Sec.  530.302 and 591.201.)
    An agency requested clarification as to the circumstances in which 
it would be appropriate for an agency to approve a temporary exception 
to allow a regular worksite to be the official worksite for pay 
purposes when a teleworker does not commute to the regular worksite at 
least once a week. Another commenter requested guidance on when 
agencies should reevaluate the official worksite determination in such 
temporary telework arrangements.
    Section 531.605(d)(3) of these interim regulations includes an 
example of an appropriate situation in which an agency may make a 
temporary exception to the once-a-week requirement--namely, when an 
employee is recovering from an injury or medical condition that 
prevents the employee from commuting to the regular worksite. Other 
examples include temporary emergency situations at the regular worksite 
or a critical project that requires the employee to telework 
temporarily. The interim regulations allow an authorized agency 
official to determine the temporary situations in which an exception 
may be applied. Agencies should periodically reevaluate the official 
worksite of an employee under a temporary telework arrangement.
    An agency asked for clarification on how to determine the official 
worksite of an employee who normally teleworks at an alternative site 
full time when that employee is assigned to work in a different 
location on a temporary basis. Under Sec.  531.605 of these interim 
regulations, agencies have the flexibility to change such an employee's 
official worksite to the location of a temporary work assignment or to 
keep the employee's official worksite at the location of the telework 
arrangement, depending on the nature of the assignment. Agencies may 
need to reevaluate such decisions periodically if the time spent on 
such temporary work assignments is extended. Agencies also may cancel 
the telework agreement in such situations.
    Finally, several commenters felt that regulations should address 
the tax, travel, reduction in force, and bargaining unit coverage 
implications of making official worksite determinations. Since the 
official worksite regulations apply only when determining an employee's 
location-based pay entitlements, these comments are outside the scope 
of these regulations.

General Schedule Basic Pay Setting

    We have revised and reorganized OPM's regulations on GS rate of 
basic pay determinations in part 531, subpart B. The revisions 
implement certain provisions in section 301 of Public Law 108-411 and 
make other changes to clarify the GS pay-setting rules. Following are 
the key changes contained in the revised subpart B:
     Additional terms are defined in the new Sec.  531.203, 
including highest applicable rate range, official worksite, payable 
rate, pay schedule, position of record, and special rate supplement. 
Also, the term rate of basic pay is redefined to include a locality 
rate. (Under the former regulations, locality rates were ignored in 
applying the rules in subpart B.)
     Section 531.204 describes the relationship among various 
types of rates of basic pay--including GS rates, LEO special base 
rates, locality rates, and special rates.
     Section 531.205 sets forth the geographic conversion rule, 
which is used to convert an employee's rate(s) of basic pay when his or 
her official worksite is changed to a new location where different pay 
schedules apply. (This section implements the statutory geographic 
conversion provisions in 5 U.S.C. 5305(i), 5334(g), and 5363(c).)
     Section 531.206 establishes the order of precedence for 
processing simultaneous pay actions. In particular, this section shows 
that geographic conversions must be processed after any general pay 
adjustment (related to changes in pay schedules) but before any other 
pay action (e.g., a promotion).
     Section 531.212 includes new provisions related to the 
authority to set a newly appointed employee's rate of basic pay above 
the minimum of the rate range based on superior qualifications or 
special agency needs. In particular, we make clear that this authority 
is used to set an employee's ``payable'' or highest rate of basic pay, 
including consideration of any applicable locality rate or special 
rate.
     Sections 531.213 through 531.215 establish rules for 
setting pay upon lateral reassignment or transfer, promotion, or 
demotion. Promotions and demotions must be processed after applying the 
geographic conversion rule, if applicable, and using the converted 
payable rate of basic pay as the employee's existing rate immediately 
before the promotion or demotion. Locality rates and special rates are 
considered rates of basic pay in applying these rules.
     Section 531.216 modifies the rules regarding setting pay 
for employees moving from a Department of Defense or Coast Guard 
nonappropriated fund instrumentality (NAFI) to a GS position to take 
into account locality rates. Also, the NAFI maximum payable rate rule 
is revised to take into account the geographic location where the NAFI 
highest previous rate was earned, consistent with the rules governing 
geographic conversion.
     Section 531.221 modifies the GS maximum payable rate rule, 
which allows an agency to set an employee's rate of pay based on his or 
her ``highest previous rate'' in a Federal civilian job. The modified 
GS maximum payable rate rule now takes into account locality rates when 
the employee's highest previous rate was based on a special rate or on 
a rate earned in a non-GS pay system. (Under the interim regulations, 
if an employee's highest previous rate was earned in a GS position, the 
maximum payable rate rule generally is applied using the underlying GS 
rate (or LEO special base rate), which avoids the need to apply the 
geographic conversion rule.)
     Sections 531.241 through 531.247 consolidate various 
special rules for ``GM employees''i.e., GS employees who were formerly 
covered by the Performance Management and Recognition System for 
managers and supervisors at grades GS-13, 14, and 15

[[Page 31282]]

and who may have rates of basic pay between the established GS step 
rates. Consistent with the changes made by Public Law 108-411 for other 
GS employees, GM employees' locality rates will be taken into account 
in applying the various pay-setting rules. If a GM employee is entitled 
to a special rate, the special rate is computed by adding the 
applicable special rate supplement on top of the GM employee's GS rate. 
(When pay schedules are adjusted, the GM employee's underlying GS rate 
must be redetermined using the relative position-in-range methodology 
presented in Sec.  531.244, which is the same basic methodology used in 
OPM's former regulations.)
    The use of locality rates in applying the GS pay-setting rules, 
along with the use of the geographic conversion rule when an employee's 
official worksite is changed to a new location, represent a significant 
change in GS pay administration. The geographic conversion rule 
requires that an employee's rate(s) of basic pay must first be 
converted to a corresponding rate(s) on the pay schedule that would 
apply to the employee's existing position of record if he or she were 
stationed at the new official worksite. No simultaneous change in the 
employee's position of record (defined as including grade, occupational 
series, agency, law enforcement officer status, and any other element 
that affects coverage under a pay schedule, other than the official 
worksite) or any simultaneous pay action (other than a general pay 
adjustment) is considered until after the geographic conversion. The 
converted rate(s) of basic pay resulting from the geographic conversion 
must be treated as the employee's existing rate(s) of basic pay in 
applying the next simultaneous pay action in the order of precedence. A 
reduction in an employee's payable rate of basic pay as a result of a 
geographic conversion is not a basis for pay retention, even if the 
move is involuntary. This does not represent a change in treatment of 
locality rates, but does represent a change in the treatment of special 
rates.
    The legislative history of Public Law 108-411 shows that a major 
objective of the geographic conversion rule was to provide the same pay 
result that would have occurred if the employee in question had moved 
laterally without a change in position to the new geographic location 
and then underwent a position change. House Report 108-733 (October 5, 
2004) stated that the geographic conversion rule ``would make it clear 
that an employee with the same work history as another employee will 
not have higher pay simply because he or she came from an area where 
higher pay rates applied, while also ensuring consistency between the 
treatment of locality rates and special rates'' (page 20).
    The geographic conversion rule will be particularly significant in 
terms of how it affects an employee who is promoted to a position at a 
different official worksite, where different pay schedules would apply 
to the employee's position of record before promotion. After applying 
any simultaneous general pay adjustment (as described in Sec.  
531.206), the agency must first convert the employee's rate(s) of basic 
pay to the applicable pay schedule(s) for the new official worksite, 
based on the employee's position of record (including grade) and step 
(or rate) before promotion. The resulting rate(s) of basic pay must be 
treated as the employee's existing rate(s) in processing the promotion 
action. (However, if the employee is simultaneously entitled to a 
within-grade increase or quality step increase on the same date as the 
promotion, that increase would be applied before processing the 
promotion.)
    Once the geographic conversion rule has been applied, the agency 
must follow the promotion rule in Sec.  531.214. The standard method of 
applying the promotion rule consists of the following steps:
    (1) Find the employee's existing step (or rate) in the GS rate 
range (or LEO special base rate range, if applicable) and increase that 
rate by two GS within-grade increases.
    (2) Determine the payable (highest) rate of basic pay for the step 
or rate determined in paragraph (1) by applying any applicable locality 
payment or special rate supplement.
    (3) Identify the highest applicable rate range for the employee's 
position of record after promotion and find the lowest step rate in 
that range that equals or exceeds the rate determined in paragraph (2). 
This is the employee's payable rate of basic pay upon promotion.
    The interim regulations provide for an alternate method of applying 
the promotion rule which involves (1) applying the promotion rule using 
the pay schedules that would apply to the employee's position of record 
if only the employee's grade were changed and (2) converting the 
resulting rate to the pay schedules for the actual position of record 
after promotion. This method yields a different result from the 
standard method only when there is a change in the employee's position 
of record (e.g., change in occupational series) which would cause the 
employee to have a different pay schedule and different highest 
applicable rate range at the higher grade. For example, an occupational 
series change in conjunction with a promotion could result in an 
employee becoming covered by a special rate schedule at the higher 
grade. The standard method would not provide the employee with any 
increase in pay based on movement into a special rate category. In 
contrast, the alternate method would apply the promotion rule without 
regard to the new special rate schedule and then would laterally 
convert the resulting rate to the corresponding rate on the special 
rate schedule, which would provide an increase reflecting the 
difference between the special rate schedule and the former pay 
schedule. This alternate method is consistent with the method found in 
the former special rate regulations at 5 CFR 530.306(f), which dealt 
with the promotion of an employee from a position not covered by a 
special rate schedule to a position covered by a special rate schedule. 
However, the alternate method also applies in other situations, such as 
when an employee moves from a lower-paying special rate schedule to a 
higher-paying special rate schedule.
    The objective of the alternate method is to treat an employee who 
is being directly promoted to a higher pay schedule the same as a 
similarly situated employee who is promoted and then later (in a 
separate action) reassigned to a position covered by the higher pay 
schedule. The alternate method mandatorily applies in lieu of the 
standard method whenever it produces a higher payable rate upon 
promotion. In addition, an agency may, at its sole discretion, use the 
alternate method when it produces a lower payable rate upon promotion. 
For example, if an employee is moving to a position in a different 
career field, an agency may determine that it is not appropriate to 
allow the employee's pay upon promotion to be set based on a special 
rate for the employee's former job.
    The alternate method of applying the promotion rules departs from 
the standard method after the step of determining the payable (highest) 
rate of basic pay at the lower (pre-promotion) grade that reflects an 
increase of two within-grade increases. Under the alternate method, 
that payable rate must be compared to the highest applicable rate range 
for the employee's grade after promotion based on consideration of pay 
schedules that apply to the employee's position of record before 
promotion. Any pay schedule that

[[Page 31283]]

applies solely to the employee's position of record after promotion 
would be ignored. The employee's rate of basic pay is set at the lowest 
step rate in the highest applicable rate range that exceeds the 
specified rate. Then the employee is converted to the new highest 
applicable rate range (reflecting any new pay schedule that applies 
after promotion) by setting the payable rate at the corresponding step 
rate in that range.
    To aid in understanding the alternate method, we provide an example 
using 2005 pay schedules. In this example, we are assuming that a GS-7, 
step 7, human resources specialist (occupational series GS-201) 
stationed in Atlanta, Georgia, is being promoted to a GS-9 information 
technology specialist position (occupational series GS-2210) in 
Washington, DC.

    Step A--Apply the geographic conversion rule to determine the 
rates of basic pay for the GS-7, step 7, position in Washington, DC. 
Based on the GS-7 position before promotion (including the GS-201 
occupational series), the pay schedules applicable to the employee 
in Washington, DC, would be the General Schedule and the locality 
rate schedule applicable in Washington, DC (Salary Table 2005-DCB).
    Step B--Using the underlying General Schedule, increase the GS-
7, step 7, rate by two within-grade increases, which produces the 
GS-7, step 9, rate ($38,719).
    Step C--The payable (highest) rate of basic pay for GS-7, step 
9, is the corresponding GS-7, step 9, locality rate in Washington, 
DC ($44,906).
    Step D--If the employee were promoted to a GS-9 position in the 
GS-201 human resources management series, the highest applicable 
rate range for that GS-9 position after promotion would be the GS-9 
locality rate range in Washington, DC (15.98 percent above GS 
rates). The GS-9, step 3, locality rate ($46,255) is the lowest step 
rate in that range that equals or exceeds the GS-7, step 9, locality 
rate from step C.
    Step E--Convert the GS-9, step 3, locality rate to the higher 
GS-9, step 3, special rate that applies to the employee's GS-2210 
information technology specialist position after promotion. The 
applicable special rate schedule is Table 999C. The GS-9, step 3, 
special rate on that schedule is the payable rate of basic pay upon 
promotion ($51,847). (At GS-9, a special rate in Table 999C is 30 
percent above the corresponding GS rate.)
    Step F--The standard method would have compared the GS-7, step 
9, locality rate directly to the higher GS-9 range of special rates 
and produced a rate of GS-9, step 1 ($48,607). Since the rate 
produced by the alternate method (GS-9, step 3, or $51,847) is 
greater than the rate produced by the standard method, the result of 
the alternate method is used.

    In addition to changes in subpart B of part 531 that relate 
directly to the changes made by Public Law 108-411, the interim 
regulations in Sec.  531.212 (dealing with the superior qualifications 
and special needs pay-setting authority) include some policy 
clarifications and changes beyond the immediate requirements of Public 
Law 108-411. For example, the interim regulations define what is meant 
by superior qualifications and special needs so that agencies better 
understand how this pay flexibility may be used. The interim 
regulations also expand and clarify the exceptions to the 90-day break-
in-service requirement to allow greater access to the superior 
qualifications and special needs pay-setting authority. For example, 
the interim regulations consolidate several of the former exceptions 
into a broader exception covering any temporary or time-limited 
appointment in the competitive or excepted service. If an individual 
was employed under any competitive or excepted service temporary 
appointment during the 90 days immediately preceding an appointment to 
a GS position, the agency could use the superior qualifications and 
special needs pay-setting authority. The interim regulations also 
expand the elements that can be considered in justifying the higher 
rate, allowing the use of factors other than existing pay, consistent 
with 5 U.S.C. 5333.
    We are inviting comments regarding a proposal to establish a 
regulatory time limit on the period of time from which an employee's 
highest previous rate may be drawn. Consistent with current 
regulations, the interim regulations in Sec.  531.221 (dealing with the 
maximum payable rate rule) establish no time limit regarding how long 
ago a highest previous rate was earned. We believe it would be 
reasonable to limit consideration of rates of pay earned during a 
recent time period (e.g., 5 or 10 years before the action in question). 
Even under the current regulations, an agency has discretion to set an 
employee's pay at any rate equal to or less than the maximum payable 
rate; thus, an agency could take into account the age of an employee's 
highest previous rate in exercising that discretion. The proposed time 
limit would reduce the administrative burden associated with 
identifying an employee's highest previous rate over an entire career 
and comparing the highest previous rate with pay schedules in effect 
many years ago.

General Schedule Within-Grade Increases

    We have revised OPM's regulations on within-grade increases for 
General Schedule employees in part 531, subpart D. The revisions 
implement certain provisions in section 301 of Public Law 108-411 and 
make other changes to clarify the rules governing GS within-grade 
increases.
    We have revised subpart D to exclude consideration of special 
rates. For the purpose of subpart D, the term rate of basic pay is 
defined as a GS base rate or an LEO special base rate. Subpart D deals 
with adjusting an employee's base rate in connection with within-grade 
increases. Any applicable locality payment or special rate supplement 
is paid on top of the base rate.
    We have revised the definition of equivalent increase in Sec.  
531.403 and related regulations in Sec.  531.407. We have defined 
equivalent increase as an increase in an employee's rate of basic pay, 
or an opportunity for such an increase under non-GS pay systems, 
resulting from certain events or actions listed in Sec.  531.407. The 
interim regulations no longer require that agencies add up the dollar 
value of multiple increases under non-GS pay systems in determining 
when an equivalent increase occurred, which was required under the 
former regulations at Sec.  531.407(a) and (b). The new events-based 
approach avoids the need to consider locality payments, special rate 
supplements, or other similar supplements or to apply geographic 
conversion rules in making equivalent increase determinations. We note 
that the former regulations at Sec.  531.407(d) had provided that a 
zero merit increase under the former Performance Management Recognition 
System would be treated as an equivalent increase, which is consistent 
with the events-based approach.

Grade and Pay Retention

    We have revised and reorganized OPM's regulations on grade and pay 
retention in part 536. The revisions implement certain provisions in 
section 301 of Public Law 108-411, incorporate changes OPM previously 
issued as proposed regulations, and make other changes to clarify the 
rules governing the grade and pay retention authorities under 5 U.S.C. 
chapter 53, subchapter VI. We have reorganized part 536 into four 
subparts that provide (1) general provisions relating to grade and pay 
retention, (2) rules for grade retention, (3) rules for pay retention, 
and (4) appeals and miscellaneous provisions. Except for correcting 
citations and moving former Sec.  536.308 to the grade retention 
subpart, the appeals and miscellaneous provisions formerly contained in 
5 CFR part 536, subpart C, are not revised by this interim regulation. 
(See redesignated subpart D.)

[[Page 31284]]

    The following new provisions in the revised part 536 implement 
section 301 of Public Law 108-411:
     Additional terms are defined in the new Sec.  536.103, 
including highest applicable rate range, official worksite, payable 
rate, pay schedule, position of record, and rate range. Also, the term 
rate of basic pay is redefined to include a locality rate, consistent 
with 5 U.S.C. 5361(4). (Under the former regulations, locality rates 
were ignored when applying the rules in part 536.) The definition of 
representative rate is redefined as described later in this 
Supplementary Information.
     Sections 536.206, 536.301, 536.302, 536.303, 536.304, 
536.305, and 536.308 incorporate the geographic conversion rule into 
the grade and pay retention regulations, where it is used to convert a 
rate(s) of basic pay when an employee's official worksite is changed to 
a new location where different pay schedules apply. The converted rate 
resulting from geographic conversion is treated as the employee's 
existing rate in applying the pay retention provisions. (These 
provisions implement the statutory geographic conversion provisions in 
5 U.S.C. 5305(i), 5334(g), and 5363(c).)
     Section 536.105 clarifies when agencies must compare the 
grades of positions in different pay systems using representative rates 
under the grade retention rules. This section also provides that, for 
positions located at different official worksites where different pay 
schedules apply, the geographic conversion rules must be applied before 
comparing the representative rates. In addition, the definition of 
representative rate in Sec.  536.103 is revised to mean the payable 
(highest) rate of basic pay (including any locality payment or special 
rate supplement) for the specified point in the range (e.g., GS step 4 
). The definition also provides that in comparing grades or work levels 
when one of the grades or work levels is not under a covered pay 
system, the representative rates that must be compared are the maximum 
payable rates of basic pay (including any locality payment, special 
rate supplement, or similar payment) that apply to the grade or level 
of each position. (The former regulations provided agencies with the 
flexibility to set the representative rate for positions under 
noncovered pay systems.) This revised definition of representative rate 
also must be used for making severance pay and discontinued service 
retirement reasonable offer determinations. See the definition of 
reasonable offer in Sec.  550.703 and the references in Sec. Sec.  
831.503(b)(3)(iv) and 842.206(c)(3)(iv).
     Section 536.206 modifies the rules for determining an 
employee's rate of basic pay when an employee becomes entitled to grade 
retention or becomes covered by different pay schedules during a period 
of grade retention and the order for processing such pay actions. If 
such an employee's rate of basic pay otherwise would be reduced upon 
placement in a lower-paying pay schedule (excluding a reduction that 
results from a geographic conversion), the employee is eligible for pay 
retention under 5 U.S.C. 5363 and 5 CFR part 536, subpart C, to the 
same extent as any other employee. Under the former regulations, a rate 
above the maximum rate that resulted from the application of the grade 
retention rules was not treated as a retained rate under 5 U.S.C. 5363. 
However, consistent with section 301(d)(2) of Public Law 108-411, and 
our regulatory authority in 5 U.S.C. 5365, we have revised the grade 
retention regulations to provide that the normal pay retention rules 
apply to employees with a retained grade.
     Sections 536.301 and 536.302 clarify the situations in 
which an agency must provide pay retention to an employee and the 
situations in which an agency may apply optional pay retention (after 
application of geographic conversion rules under Sec.  536.303(a)). We 
also removed the requirement in former Sec.  536.104(a)(5) that pay 
retention apply to an employee whose rate of basic pay otherwise would 
be reduced as a result of placement in a lower wage area. These changes 
are consistent with 5 U.S.C. 5363(c)(2), which provides that a 
reduction in an employee's rate of basic pay resulting from a 
geographic conversion is not a basis for entitlement to pay retention 
under 5 U.S.C. 5363.
     Section 536.301 also provides that an agency must provide 
pay retention under part 536, subpart C, to an employee whose rate of 
basic pay otherwise would be reduced (after geographic conversion) as a 
result of the application of the promotion rule in 5 U.S.C. 5334(b) and 
5 CFR 531.214 when the employee's payable rate of basic pay after 
promotion exceeds the maximum rate of basic pay of the new rate range. 
Under the former regulations, a rate of basic pay above the maximum 
rate that resulted from application of the promotion rule was not 
treated as a retained rate under 5 U.S.C. 5363 and 5 CFR part 536. This 
change is required by an amendment to 5 U.S.C. 5334(b).
     Section 536.304 modifies the rules for determining an 
employee's pay retention entitlement. In particular, the new 
regulations provide that an eligible employee is entitled to a retained 
rate if his or her rate of basic pay (including any locality payment or 
special rate, but after geographic conversion under Sec.  536.303(a)) 
exceeds the maximum rate of the highest applicable rate range for the 
new position or geographic area. The retained rate will equal the 
employee's former rate of basic pay (including any locality payment or 
special rate). This section implements 5 U.S.C. 5363(b)(1).
     Section 536.305 modifies the rules for adjusting a 
retained rate at the time of a pay schedule adjustment. Consistent with 
5 U.S.C. 5363(b)(2)(B), when a pay schedule adjustment causes the 
maximum rate of the highest applicable rate range for an employee's 
position to increase, the employee's retained rate is increased by 50 
percent of the increase in that maximum rate. If an employee's retained 
rate would fall below the maximum rate after the 50 percent increase, 
the employee's payable rate is set at that maximum rate and pay 
retention ceases to apply. The interim regulations make clear that, 
consistent with 5 U.S.C. 5363(c), the geographic conversion rule in 
Sec.  536.303(b) applies in lieu of the 50-percent adjustment rule when 
a pay schedule change is caused by a change in the location of the 
employee's official worksite. The interim regulations also make clear 
that the 50-percent adjustment rule does not apply if a pay schedule 
change is caused by a change in the employee's position of record.
     Section 536.304(b)(3) provides that, when initially 
established, a retained rate may not exceed (1) 150 percent of the 
maximum payable rate of basic pay of the highest applicable rate range 
for the grade of the employee's position of record or (2) the rate for 
level IV of the Executive Schedule. Section 536.306 provides that at no 
time may a retained rate exceed the rate for level IV of the Executive 
Schedule and that if an employee's retained rate is limited by the 
level IV rate, the employee's higher, uncapped rate is not maintained 
or used for any purpose. This level IV limitation is consistent with 
the level IV limit on locality rates under 5 U.S.C. 5304(g)(1) and 
special rates under 5 U.S.C. 5305(a)(1) for General Schedule employees 
and the level IV limitation on rates for prevailing rate employees 
under 5 U.S.C. 5373. Under amended 5 U.S.C. 5365(b), OPM is authorized 
to establish limitations on the application of pay retention provisions 
for employees in noncovered pay systems.
     Section 536.307 provides the purposes for which a retained 
rate is basic pay, consistent with 5 U.S.C.

[[Page 31285]]

5363(d). A retained rate is basic pay for many of the same purposes as 
a special rate or a locality rate. When a retained rate is not basic 
pay, the maximum rate of basic pay for the employee's grade must be 
used in place of the retained rate (e.g., for computing percentage-
based awards under 5 CFR part 451 and recruitment, relocation, and 
retention incentives under 5 CFR part 575, subparts A, B, and C).
     Section 536.309 provides the rules for converting retained 
rates in effect on April 30, 2005, to a retained rate under new 5 
U.S.C. 5363 and 5 CFR part 536, subpart C. This section covers an 
employee who on April 30, 2005, was receiving (1) a retained rate under 
5 U.S.C. 5363, (2) a rate paid under 5 U.S.C. 5334(b) or 5362 that was 
greater than the maximum rate of basic pay payable for the grade of the 
employee's position of record, or (3) a continued rate of pay under 5 
CFR part 531, subparts C or G, that was greater than the maximum rate 
of basic pay payable for the grade of the employee's position. 
Effective on May 1, 2005, the employee's new retained rate must equal 
his or her previous retained rate, including any applicable locality 
payment under 5 U.S.C. 5304.
    On May 25, 2000, OPM published proposed changes in part 536 (65 FR 
33785) regarding the applicability of grade and pay retention to 
employees moving within and between covered pay schedules (hereafter 
referred to as ``covered pay systems''). Under 5 U.S.C. 5361, a covered 
pay system includes the General Schedule; a prevailing rate schedule 
under 5 U.S.C. chapter 53, subchapter IV; or a special occupational pay 
system under 5 U.S.C. chapter 53, subchapter IX. Consistent with the 
grade and pay retention statute, the former regulations provided grade 
and pay retention benefits for employees moving between positions 
within a covered pay system and between positions under different 
covered pay systems. In addition, OPM used its regulatory authority 
under 5 U.S.C. 5365 to provide agencies with the discretionary 
authority in the former regulations to apply grade and pay retention 
provisions to employees moving from positions not under a covered pay 
system to positions under a covered pay system.
    In the regulations issued on May 25, 2000, we proposed to (1) 
provide agencies with the discretionary authority to apply pay 
retention provisions to employees moving to or within noncovered pay 
systems who would otherwise suffer a reduction in pay as a result of a 
management action and to freeze any resulting retained rate (i.e., not 
provide the normal 50 percent pay adjustment under former 5 CFR 
536.205(c)); (2) freeze the retained rate of an employee who moves from 
a noncovered pay system to a covered pay system and who receives a rate 
in excess of the maximum rate applicable to the covered pay system; and 
(3) prohibit the application of grade retention to any employee who 
moves from a noncovered pay system.
    We received comments from an agency and an employee association on 
the proposed regulations. The agency requested that OPM amend the 
regulations to provide agencies with the administrative authority to 
establish a pay adjustment mechanism for an employee on pay retention 
under a noncovered pay system as consistent as possible with the 
General Schedule mechanism in the former 5 CFR 536.205(c). The 
association suggested that we modify the regulations to allow such an 
employee to receive the reduced pay adjustment of 50 percent, as long 
as the rate of pay does not exceed the pay level previously held, or 
the maximum rate of the new position, whichever is greater.
    We revisited the proposal to provide agencies with the authority to 
apply pay retention provisions to employees moving to or within 
noncovered pay systems and have decided not to include this authority 
in the revised part 536. Agencies may continue to apply pay retention 
provisions at their discretion to employees moving from a noncovered 
pay system to a covered pay system. See new Sec.  536.102(a).
    The association also objected to our proposal to freeze the 
retained rates of employees who move from a noncovered pay system to a 
covered pay system and who receive a retained rate in excess of the 
maximum rate applicable to the covered pay system. We revisited this 
issue and have decided not to include this proposal in the revised part 
536. The revised part 536 provides that employees who move from 
noncovered pay systems to covered pay systems and receive a retained 
rate are entitled to the normal 50 percent pay adjustment under new 
Sec.  536.305. (Note that such retained rates are subject to the 
limitation under new Sec.  536.306.)
    These interim regulations retain the proposal that prohibits 
agencies from applying grade retention to an employee who moves into a 
covered pay system from a noncovered pay system. See new exclusion in 
Sec.  536.102(d). Accordingly, we are removing the rule in former Sec.  
536.203(b) for determining a retained grade for an employee who moves 
from a position not under a covered pay system to a position under a 
covered pay system. Employees entitled to grade retention immediately 
prior to the effective date of these regulations as a result of 
movement from a noncovered pay system to a covered pay system will 
remain entitled to grade retention until one of the terminating 
conditions in Sec.  536.208 applies.
    The revised part 536 contains the following additional significant 
clarifying and conforming changes regarding the coverage, eligibility, 
and applicability of grade and pay retention:
     Section 536.102 merges the coverage, applicability, and 
exclusionary provisions from the former regulations into a single 
coverage section that clarifies the employees covered by and excluded 
from the regulations, including the coverage of employees in Department 
of Defense and Coast Guard nonappropriated fund instrumentality (NAFI) 
positions. (See also new Sec.  536.202(d) for information on NAFI 
coverage.)
     Section 536.103 adds new definitions of covered pay system 
(consistent with the definition of covered pay schedule under 5 U.S.C. 
5361), employee, General Schedule, management action, and prevailing 
rate employee and revises the definitions of reduced in grade or pay at 
the employee's request (formerly demotion at an employee's request), 
reduced in grade or pay for personal cause (formerly demotion for 
personal cause), temporary promotion, and temporary reassignment to 
clarify coverage and eligibility provisions.
     Section 536.201 clarifies the conditions under which a 
movement to a lower grade is considered to be a result of reduction in 
force (RIF) procedures or a reclassification process for grade 
retention purposes, consistent with the guidance in the former Federal 
Personnel Manual.
     Section 536.203 eliminates the requirement that the 52 
weeks of service needed for optional grade retention eligibility in RIF 
situations must be in an agency as defined in 5 U.S.C. 5102, but 
requires that such service be under a covered pay system. This change 
is consistent with the new rule in Sec.  536.102(d) barring agencies 
from providing grade retention to employees moving from a noncovered 
pay system to a covered pay system.
     Section 536.205 clarifies that an employee with a retained 
grade also retains the pay system associated with that retained grade, 
even if the employee's actual position is in a different covered pay 
system.
     Sections 536.207, 536.208, and 536.308 provide that an 
employee loses

[[Page 31286]]

eligibility for or entitlement to grade and pay retention upon movement 
to a position not under a covered pay system.

SES Pay Retention

    We have revised OPM's regulations on establishing, adjusting, and 
terminating saved rates for former members of the Senior Executive 
Service (SES) who are guaranteed placement in a position covered by 
another pay system (e.g., the General Schedule pay system), as provided 
in subpart G of part 359. Under our broad regulatory authority in 5 
U.S.C. 3596, we are revising Sec.  359.705 to make changes that are 
consistent with (1) the changes made in the pay retention provisions in 
part 536 in implementing section 301 of Public Law 108-411 and (2) 
congressional intent as reflected in uncodified section 301(d)(2) of 
that Act. The significant changes made in the interim regulations are 
as follows:
     Section 359.705(c) provides that an SES saved rate may not 
be supplemented by any locality payment or other supplement. With the 
amendment of 5 U.S.C. 5302(8), locality pay is no longer paid on top of 
any kind of retained or saved rate.
     Section 359.705(g) provides for conversion of any existing 
locality-adjusted saved rate to a new saved rate of equal value on May 
1, 2005. Without such a conversion, employees might suffer a reduction 
in pay under the new rules. The saved rate will be compared to the 
highest applicable rate range (including a locality rate range or 
special rate range) for the employee's position of record.
     Section 359.705(b) provides that, in determining the 
amount of a saved rate, an agency must take into account any locality 
rate or special rate (1) currently payable for the GS position in which 
he or she is placed upon removal from the SES and (2) currently payable 
for the GS position held before placement in the SES.
     Section 359.705(d) provides that the 50-percent adjustment 
rule does not apply when an employee's rate range maximum is increased 
due to a change in the employee's official worksite. Instead, the 
retained rate will be adjusted under the geographic conversion 
authority in paragraph (e). For GS employees receiving a saved rate, 
the geographic conversion rule is the same as that used for retained 
rates under part 536 (i.e., it maintains the relative position of the 
retained rate vis-[agrave]-vis the range maximum). Also, the 50-percent 
adjustment rule does not apply when an employee's rate range maximum is 
increased as a result of a position change that caused the employee to 
become covered by a new pay schedule.
    Other changes in Sec.  359.705 are clarifications. For example, we 
have clarified that a saved rate terminates when an employee becomes 
entitled to a higher rate of basic pay--e.g., when the 50-percent 
adjustment would cause the saved rate to fall below the range maximum 
and the employee's pay is set at the range maximum.

Waiver of Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Delayed Effective Date

    Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(3)(B), I find that good cause exists 
for waiving the general notice of proposed rulemaking. Also, pursuant 
to 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3), I find that good cause exists for making this 
rule effective in less than 30 days. These interim regulations 
implement section 301 of Public Law 108-411, which became effective on 
May 1, 2005. Thus, these interim regulations are necessarily effective 
retroactive to May 1, 2005. Waiver of the requirement for proposed 
rulemaking and making the effective date less than 30 days after 
publication are necessary to ensure timely implementation of the law as 
intended by Congress. To delay implementation of these regulations by 
imposing a general notice of proposed rulemaking or an additional 30-
day implementation requirement would be contrary to the public interest 
of good governance. It would leave Federal agencies without 
regulations, required by law, directing those agencies in implementing 
complex and extensive pay administration rules. Delay in implementation 
would prevent uniform and consistent application of the new pay 
administration rules. The public and the Federal workforce will be 
benefited by timely implementation of these regulations. Comments are 
being solicited which will assist OPM in issuing final regulations.

E.O. 12866, Regulatory Review

    This rule has been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget 
in accordance with E.O. 12866.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    I certify that these regulations will not have a significant 
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities because they 
will apply only to Federal agencies and employees.

List of Subjects in 5 CFR 294, 359, 362, 451, 530, 531, 532, 534, 
536, 550, 591, 630, 831, and 842

    Administrative practice and procedure; Air traffic controllers; 
Alimony; Claims; Decorations, medals, awards; Disability benefits; 
Firefighters; Freedom of information; Government employees; Hospitals; 
Income taxes; Intergovernmental relations; Law enforcement officers; 
Pensions; Reporting and recordkeeping requirements; Research; 
Retirement; Students; Travel and transportation expenses; Wages.

Office of Personnel Management.
Dan G. Blair,
Acting Director.

0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, OPM is amending parts 294, 359, 
362, 451, 530, 531, 532, 534, 536, 550, 591, 630, 831, and 842 of title 
5 of the Code of Federal Regulations as follows:

PART 294--AVAILABILITY OF OFFICIAL INFORMATION

0
1. The authority citation for part 294 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 552, Freedom of Information Act, Pub. L. 92-
502, as amended by the Freedom of Information Reform Act of 1986, 
Pub. L. 99-570, and E.O. 12600, 52 FR 23781, 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 
235.

Subpart D--Cross References


Sec.  294.401  [Amended]

0
2. Amend Sec.  294.401 by removing the reference ``536.307'' and adding 
in its place ``536.405''.

PART 359--REMOVAL FROM THE SENIOR EXECUTIVE SERVICE; GUARANTEED 
PLACEMENT IN OTHER PERSONNEL SYSTEMS

0
3. The authority citation for part 359 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 1302 and 3596, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart G--Guaranteed Placement

0
4. Revise Sec.  359.705 to read as follows:


Sec.  359.705  Pay.

    (a) An appointee placed under this subpart in a position outside 
the SES (in the same or different agency) is entitled to receive basic 
pay at the highest of--
    (1) The rate of basic pay in effect for the position in which the 
appointee is being placed;
    (2) The rate of basic pay currently in effect for the position the 
appointee held immediately before being appointed to the SES; or
    (3) The rate of basic pay in effect for the appointee immediately 
before removal from the SES.
    (b)(1) The rate of basic pay under paragraph (a)(1) and (2) of this 
section includes any applicable locality payment under 5 U.S.C. 5304, 
special rate supplement under 5 U.S.C. 5305, or

[[Page 31287]]

similar payment under other legal authority.
    (2) When an employee is entitled to a payable rate of basic pay 
under paragraph (a)(2) or (3) of this section which exceeds the maximum 
payable rate of basic pay for the grade or level of the employee's 
position after placement, the resulting saved rate is subject to the 
adjustment and termination rules in paragraphs (d) through (f) of this 
section.
    (c) For an employee placed in a General Schedule position, a saved 
rate established under this section may not be supplemented by a 
locality payment under 5 U.S.C. 5304, a special rate supplement under 5 
U.S.C. 5305, or a similar payment under other legal authority.
    (d) A saved rate established under this section must be adjusted in 
connection with a pay schedule adjustment according to the following 
rules:
    (1) When the maximum payable rate of basic pay for the grade or 
level of an employee's position is increased while the employee is 
receiving a saved rate, the employee is entitled to a pay adjustment 
equal to 50 percent of the amount of the increase in that maximum 
payable rate, except as otherwise provided in this section.
    (2) If an employee's official worksite is changed while the 
employee is receiving a saved rate, a change in the applicable range 
maximum because of a change in an employee's official worksite is not 
considered in applying paragraph (d)(1) of this section. Instead, any 
adjustment of the employee's saved rate in conjunction with a change in 
official worksite must be determined under paragraph (e) of this 
section. If an employee's range maximum is increased because of a pay 
schedule adjustment on the same effective date as a change in the 
employee's official worksite, the saved rate must be adjusted under 
paragraph (d)(1) of this section before applying paragraph (e) of this 
section.
    (3) A change in an employee's rate range maximum resulting from a 
change in the employee's position (e.g., change in occupational series) 
that causes the employee to be covered by a different pay schedule does 
not result in application of paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
    (4) When an employee's saved rate becomes equal to or lower than 
the maximum payable rate of basic pay for the grade or level of the 
employee's position, the employee is entitled to the maximum payable 
rate, and saved pay under this section ceases to apply.
    (e) When an employee receiving a saved rate established under this 
section is covered by a pay system that provides different basic pay 
schedules based on geographic location (such as the General Schedule 
pay system), the saved rate must be adjusted in conjunction with a 
change in the employee's official worksite consistent with the 
geographic conversion rule for retained rates under 5 CFR 536.303(b).
    (f) A saved rate established under this section must be terminated 
if--
    (1) The employee has a break in service of 1 workday or more;
    (2) The employee is demoted based on unacceptable performance or 
conduct or at the employee's request; or
    (3) The employee becomes entitled to a rate of basic pay that is 
equal to or higher than the saved rate.
    (g) If an employee is receiving a saved rate established under this 
section on May 1, 2005 (when section 301 of Pub. L. 108-411 took 
effect), any locality payment under 5 U.S.C. 5304 formerly paid in 
addition to the employee's saved rate no longer applies as of that 
date. Any locality-adjusted saved rate in effect and payable on April 
30, 2005, must be converted to an equal saved rate effective on May 1, 
2005. If the employee received no locality payment because of a pay 
limitation, no conversion under this paragraph is required.

PART 362--PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT INTERN PROGRAM

0
5. The authority citation for part 362 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: E.O. 12364, 47 FR 22931, 3 CFR, 1982 Comp., p. 185.

Subpart B--Program Administration


Sec.  362.202  [Amended]

0
6. In Sec.  362.202, amend paragraph (d) by removing the reference 
``rules under 5 CFR 531.203(c)'' and adding in its place ``rule under 5 
CFR 531.221''.

PART 451--AWARDS

0
7. The authority citation for part 451 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 4302, 4501-4509; E.O. 11438, 33 FR 18085, 3 
CFR, 1966-1970 Comp., p. 755; E.O. 12828, 58 FR 2965, 3 CFR, 1993 
Comp., p. 569.

Subpart A--Agency Awards

0
8. In Sec.  451.104, revise paragraph (g) to read as follows:


Sec.  451.104  Awards.

* * * * *
    (g) When granting an award paid as a percentage of basic pay under 
5 U.S.C. 4505a(a)(2)(A), the rate of basic pay used must include any 
applicable locality payment under 5 CFR part 531, subpart F; special 
rate supplement under 5 CFR part 530, subpart C; or similar payment or 
supplement under other legal authority. For an employee receiving a 
retained rate under 5 CFR part 536, subpart C (or similar authority, 
such as 5 CFR 359.705), the rate of basic pay is the maximum payable 
rate for the employee's grade or level, rather than the retained rate.

PART 530--PAY RATES AND SYSTEMS (GENERAL)

0
9. The authority citation for part 530 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 5305 and 5307; subpart C also issued under 5 
U.S.C. 5338 and sec. 4 of the Performance Management and Recognition 
System Termination Act of 1993, Pub. L. 103-89), 107 Stat. 981.


0
10. Revise subpart C to read as follows:
Subpart C--Special Rate Schedules for Recruitment and Retention

General Provisions

Sec.
530.301 Purpose and applicability.
530.302 Definitions.
530.303 Coverage.
530.304 Establishing or increasing special rates.
530.305 Agency requests for new or increased special rates.
530.306 Evaluating agency requests for new or increased special 
rates.
530.307 OPM review and adjustment of special rate schedules.
530.308 Treatment of special rate as basic pay.
530.309 Miscellaneous provisions.

Setting an Employee's Rate of Pay

530.321 General.
530.322 Setting pay when a special rate is newly established or 
increased.
530.323 Setting pay when a special rate is discontinued or 
decreased.

Subpart C--Special Rate Schedules for Recruitment and Retention

General Provisions


Sec.  530.301  Purpose and applicability.

    (a) Purpose. This subpart contains OPM regulations implementing 5 
U.S.C. 5305, which authorizes the establishment of special rates of pay 
for Federal employees in executive agencies to address significant 
recruitment or retention problems. This subpart also contains rules for 
determining an employee's rate of pay when a special rate schedule is 
established, increased, decreased, or discontinued, or when conditions 
for coverage under a special rate schedule are changed. All other pay 
actions for special rate employees are governed by the pay-setting 
rules in 5 CFR parts 531 and 536.

[[Page 31288]]

    (b) Applicability. Except as explained in Sec.  530.303(a), this 
subpart applies only to GS employees.


Sec.  530.302  Definitions.

    In this subpart:
    Agency means an executive agency as defined in 5 U.S.C. 105.
    Authorized agency official means the head of the agency or an 
official who is authorized to act for the head of the agency in the 
matter concerned.
    Employee has the meaning given that term in 5 U.S.C. 2105.
    General Schedule or GS means the classification and pay system 
established under 5 U.S.C. chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53. 
It also refers to the pay schedule of GS rates established under 5 
U.S.C. 5332, as adjusted under 5 U.S.C. 5303 or other law (including GS 
rates payable to GM employees). Law enforcement officers (LEOs) 
receiving LEO special base rates are covered by the GS classification 
and pay system, but receive higher base rates of pay in lieu of GS 
rates at grades GS-3 through GS-10.

GM employee has the meaning given that term in 5 CFR 531.203.

    GS rate means a rate of basic pay within the General Schedule, 
excluding any LEO special base rate and additional pay of any kind such 
as locality payments or special rate supplements. A rate payable to a 
GM employee is considered a GS rate.
    Highest applicable rate range means the rate range applicable to an 
employee's position that provides the highest rates of basic pay, 
excluding any retained rates. For example, a rate range of special 
rates may exceed an applicable locality rate range. In certain 
circumstances, the highest applicable rate range may consist of two 
types of pay rates from different pay schedules--e.g., a range where 
special rates (based on a fixed dollar supplement) are higher in the 
lower portion of the range and locality rates are higher in the higher 
portion of the range.
    Law enforcement officer or LEO has the meaning given that term in 5 
CFR 550.103.
    LEO special base rate means a special base rate established for GS 
law enforcement officers at grades GS-3 through GS-10 under section 403 
of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act of 1990 (section 529 of 
Pub. L. 101-509, November 5, 1990, as amended) which is used in lieu of 
a GS rate.
    Locality payment has the meaning given that term in 5 CFR 531.602.
    Locality rate means a GS rate or an LEO special base rate, if 
applicable, plus any applicable locality payment.
    Official worksite means the official location of an employee's 
position of record as determined under 5 CFR 531.605. Official worksite 
is synonymous with the term ``official duty station'' as used in 5 
U.S.C. 5305(i).
    OPM means the Office of Personnel Management.
    Pay schedule means a set of rate ranges established for GS 
employees under a single authority--i.e., the General Schedule, an LEO 
special base rate schedule (for grades GS-3 through 10), a locality 
rate schedule based on GS rates, a locality rate schedule based on LEO 
special base rates (for grades GS-3 through 10), a special rate 
schedule under this subpart, or a similar schedule under 38 U.S.C. 
7455. A pay schedule applies to or covers a defined category of 
employees based on established coverage conditions (e.g., official 
worksite, occupation). A pay schedule is considered to apply to or 
cover an employee who meets the established coverage conditions even 
when a rate under that schedule is not currently payable to the 
employee because of a higher pay entitlement under another pay 
schedule.
    Position of record means an employee's official position (defined 
by grade, occupational series, employing agency, LEO status, and any 
other condition that determines coverage under a pay schedule (other 
than official worksite)), as documented on the employee's most recent 
Notification of Personnel Action (Standard Form 50 or equivalent) and 
current position description, excluding any position to which the 
employee is temporarily detailed. For an employee whose change in 
official position is followed within 3 workdays by a reduction in force 
resulting in the employee's separation before he or she is required to 
report for duty in the new position, the position of record in effect 
immediately before the position change is deemed to remain the position 
of record through the date of separation.
    Rate of basic pay means the rate of pay fixed by law or 
administrative action for the position held by an employee before any 
deductions, including a GS rate, an LEO special base rate, a locality 
rate, a special rate under this subpart or a similar rate under 38 
U.S.C. 7455, or a retained rate under 5 CFR 359.705 or 5 CFR part 536, 
but excluding additional pay of any other kind.
    Rate range or range means the range of rates of basic pay for a 
grade within an established pay schedule, excluding any retained rate. 
A rate range may consist of GS rates, LEO special base rates, locality 
rates, special rates, or similar rates under other legal authority.
    Retained rate means a rate above the maximum rate of the rate range 
applicable to the employee which is payable under 5 CFR part 536 or, 
for a former member of the Senior Executive Service, under 5 CFR 
359.705.
    Special rate means a rate of pay within a special rate schedule 
established under this subpart.
    Special rate schedule means a pay schedule established under this 
subpart to provide higher rates of pay for specified categories of GS 
positions or employees at one or more grades. An increased or decreased 
special rate schedule refers to an increase or decrease in one or more 
rate ranges within that schedule.
    Special rate supplement means the portion of a special rate paid 
above an employee's GS rate after applying any applicable pay 
limitation. For a law enforcement officer receiving an LEO special base 
rate who is also entitled to a special rate, a special rate supplement 
increases the LEO's pay only to the extent that the resulting special 
rate exceeds the LEO's rate of basic pay. The payable amount of a 
special rate supplement is subject to the Executive Level IV 
limitation, as provided in Sec.  530.304(a).


Sec.  530.303  Coverage.

    (a) Under 5 U.S.C. 5305, OPM may establish special rates for 
employees paid under a statutory pay system (as defined in 5 U.S.C. 
5302(1)) or any other pay system established by or under Federal 
statute for civilian positions in the executive branch. Special rates 
apply only to GS employees unless the approved schedule coverage 
criteria specifically state otherwise. OPM will establish special rate 
schedules covering employees under a non-GS pay system only at the 
request of the agency responsible for administering that system. For 
employees covered by a non-GS pay system, the responsible agency is 
subject to the requirements in 5 U.S.C. 5305. To the extent the 
statutory or regulatory provisions governing the non-GS pay system 
differ from the regulatory provisions of this subpart, the responsible 
agency must follow policies that are consistent as possible with this 
subpart.
    (b) An employee's coverage under a special rate schedule is subject 
to the coverage conditions established by OPM for that schedule, except 
as provided in paragraph (c) of this section. The coverage conditions 
for a special rate schedule may be based on occupation, grade, 
employing agency, geographic location of official worksite, or other

[[Page 31289]]

factors OPM may determine to be appropriate. An agency determination as 
to whether an employee meets the coverage conditions for a special rate 
schedule must be based on the employee's position of record and 
official worksite. An agency also may be required to consider other 
employee-specific factors established by OPM to determine special rate 
coverage, such as special qualifications or certifications.
    (c) An agency must pay the applicable special rate to any employee 
who meets the coverage conditions established by OPM with respect to a 
special rate schedule unless an authorized agency official determines 
that a category of employees of the agency will not be covered by a 
proposed or existing special rate schedule, subject to the following 
requirements:
    (1) An authorized agency official may determine that a category of 
employees of the agency will not be covered by a special rate request 
or a proposed new special rate schedule. The official must provide 
written notice to OPM that identifies the specific category or 
categories of employees who will not be covered by the special rate 
schedule. The notice must be received by OPM before the effective date 
of the new special rate schedule.
    (2) An authorized agency official may remove a category of 
employees of the agency from coverage under an existing special rate 
schedule. The official must provide written notice to OPM that 
identifies the specific category or categories of employees who will 
not be covered by the special rate schedule. The loss of coverage under 
a special rate schedule will become effective on the first day of the 
first pay period beginning on or after the date of the notice to OPM.
    (d) An employee covered by a special rate schedule is not entitled 
to a special rate for any purpose with respect to any period during 
which the employee is entitled to a higher rate of basic pay under any 
other legal authority. For example, an employee is not entitled to a 
special rate if he or she is entitled to a higher locality rate or a 
retained rate.


Sec.  530.304  Establishing or increasing special rates.

    (a) OPM may increase the minimum rates of pay otherwise payable to 
a category of employees in one or more areas or locations, grades or 
levels, occupational groups, series, classes, or subdivisions thereof, 
when it is necessary to address existing or likely significant 
recruitment or retention difficulties. OPM will consider the 
circumstances listed in paragraph (b) of this section and the factors 
listed in Sec.  530.306 when evaluating the need for special rates. 
When OPM establishes a minimum special rate under this authority, 
corresponding increases also may be made in one or more of the 
remaining rates of the affected grade or level. For any given grade, a 
minimum special rate may not exceed the maximum rate of basic pay for 
the rate range (excluding any locality rate, other special rate, or 
similar payment under other legal authority) by more than 30 percent. A 
special rate is not payable if it exceeds the rate for level IV of the 
Executive Schedule.
    (b) The circumstances considered by OPM in evaluating the need for 
special rates are the following:
    (1) Rates of pay offered by non-Federal employers which are 
significantly higher than those payable by the Government within the 
area, location, occupational group, or other category of positions 
under GS pay system;
    (2) The remoteness of the area or location involved;
    (3) The undesirability of the working conditions or the nature of 
the work involved (including exposure to toxic substances or other 
occupational hazards); or
    (4) Any other circumstances OPM considers appropriate.
    (c) In setting the level of special rates within a rate range for a 
category of employees, OPM will compute the special rate supplement by 
adding a fixed dollar amount or a fixed percentage to all GS rates 
within that range, except that an alternate method may be used for 
grades GS-1 and GS-2, where within-grade increases vary throughout the 
range.
    (d) If OPM establishes a special rate schedule that covers only law 
enforcement officers, OPM may compute the special rate supplement for 
grades GS-3 through 10 as a fixed percentage of LEO special base rates 
instead of GS rates. With respect to such a schedule, references to GS 
rates in Sec.  530.307 are deemed to be references to LEO special base 
rates.


Sec.  530.305  Agency requests for new or increased special rates.

    (a) An agency may request that a special rate schedule be 
established or increased or that its employees be covered by an 
existing special rate schedule at any time. An authorized agency 
official in the agency headquarters office must submit to OPM any 
request to establish or increase special rates for a category of agency 
employees. The request must include a certification by the authorized 
agency official that the requested special rates are necessary to 
ensure adequate staffing levels to accomplish the agency's mission.
    (b) The authorized agency official is responsible for submitting 
complete supporting data for any request for new or higher special 
rates. OPM may require that the supporting data include a survey of 
prevailing non-Federal pay rates in the relevant labor market.
    (c) OPM may coordinate an agency special rate request with other 
agencies that have similar categories of employees. OPM may designate a 
lead agency to assist in coordinating the collection of relevant data. 
Each affected agency is responsible for submitting complete supporting 
data upon request to OPM or the lead agency, as appropriate, unless the 
agency determines that a category of its employees will not be covered 
by the proposed special rate schedule, as provided in Sec.  530.303(c).


Sec.  530.306  Evaluating agency requests for new or increased special 
rates.

    (a) In evaluating agency requests for new or increased special 
rates, OPM may consider the following factors:
    (1) The number of existing vacant positions and the length of time 
they have been vacant;
    (2) The number of employees who have quit (i.e., voluntarily left 
Federal service), including, when available, a subcount of the number 
of employees who quit to take a comparable position offering higher 
pay;
    (3) Evidence to support a conclusion that recruitment or retention 
problems likely will develop (if such problems do not already exist) or 
will worsen;
    (4) The number of vacancies an agency tried to fill, compared to 
the number of hires and offers made;
    (5) The nature of the existing labor market;
    (6) The degree to which an agency has considered and used other 
available pay flexibilities to alleviate staffing problems, including 
the superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting authority in 
5 CFR 531.212 and recruitment, relocation, and retention incentives 
under 5 CFR part 575;
    (7) The degree to which an agency has considered relevant non-pay 
solutions to staffing problems, such as conducting an aggressive 
recruiting program, using appropriate appointment authorities, 
redesigning jobs, establishing training programs, and improving working 
conditions;
    (8) The effect of the staffing problem on the agency's mission; and
    (9) The level of non-Federal rates paid for comparable positions. 
Data on non-Federal salary rates may be

[[Page 31290]]

supplemented, if appropriate, by data on Federal salary rates for 
comparable positions established under a non-GS pay system.
    (b) In determining the level at which to set special rates, OPM may 
consider the following factors:
    (1) The pay levels that, in OPM's judgment, are necessary to 
recruit or retain an adequate number of qualified employees based on 
OPM's findings with respect to the factors set forth in paragraph (a) 
of this section;
    (2) The dollar costs that will be incurred if special rates are not 
authorized;
    (3) The level of pay for comparable positions; and
    (4) The need to provide for a reasonable progression in pay from 
lower grade levels to higher grade levels to avoid pay alignment 
problems (e.g., such as might result from applying the two-step 
promotion rule in 5 U.S.C. 5334(b)).
    (c) No one factor or combination of factors specified in paragraph 
(a) or (b) of this section requires OPM to establish or increase 
special rates or to set special rates at any given level.


Sec.  530.307  OPM review and adjustment of special rate schedules.

    (a) OPM may review an established special rate schedule at any time 
to determine whether that schedule should be increased, decreased, or 
discontinued, taking into account the circumstances listed in Sec.  
530.304(b) and the factors listed in Sec.  530.306 that led to 
establishing the schedule. An authorized agency official may request 
that OPM conduct such a review of one or more special rate schedules.
    (b) OPM may designate lead agencies to assist in the review of 
designated special rate schedules and to coordinate the collection of 
relevant data. Each affected agency is responsible for submitting 
complete supporting data upon request to OPM or the lead agency, as 
appropriate.
    (c) OPM will adjust a special rate schedule by determining the 
amount of the special rate supplement to be paid on top of the current 
GS rate for each rate range within the schedule. OPM will determine the 
extent to which special rate supplements are to be adjusted (increased 
or decreased), if at all, and when the special rate supplements are to 
be adjusted. As provided in 5 U.S.C. 5305(d), special rate schedule 
adjustments made by OPM have the force and effect of statute.
    (d)(1) For special rate schedules computed by applying a fixed-
percentage supplement on top of each GS rate within a rate range, OPM 
may require that a change in the underlying GS rate automatically 
results in an adjusted special rate schedule, unless OPM determines 
that an adjustment in the supplement percentage is appropriate for one 
or more special rate schedules.
    (2) For special rate schedules computed by applying a fixed-dollar 
supplement on top of each GS rate within a rate range, OPM may require 
that special rate supplements generally be adjusted to reflect the 
increase in GS rates, unless OPM determines that a different adjustment 
is appropriate for one or more special rate schedules.
    (e) If OPM determines that a special rate schedule, or a rate range 
within a special rate schedule, is no longer needed to ensure 
satisfactory recruitment or retention of qualified employees, OPM may 
discontinue the schedule or rate range. Consistent with Sec.  
530.303(d), if all employees and positions covered by a special rate 
schedule or rate range are entitled to a higher rate of basic pay, the 
schedule or rate range (as applicable) will be automatically 
discontinued.
    (f) OPM may change the established conditions for coverage under a 
special rate schedule at any time based on a reevaluation of the 
circumstances and factors that led to establishing the schedule. 
Expansion of coverage is equivalent to establishing a special rate 
schedule for a category of affected employees. Reduction of coverage is 
the equivalent of discontinuing a special rate schedule for a category 
of affected employees.
    (g) When a special rate schedule is adjusted or discontinued, or 
when there is a change in a schedule's coverage criteria, the rate of 
pay for affected employees must be set as provided in Sec. Sec.  
530.321 through 530.323.


Sec.  530.308  Treatment of special rate as basic pay.

    Except as otherwise specifically provided under other legal 
authority, a special rate is considered a rate of basic pay only for 
the following purposes:
    (a) The purposes for which a locality rate is considered to be a 
rate of basic pay in computing other payments or benefits, to the 
extent provided by 5 CFR 531.610, except as otherwise provided in 
paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section;
    (b) Computation of nonforeign area cost-of-living allowances and 
post differentials under 5 U.S.C. 5941 and 5 CFR part 591, subpart B;
    (c) Computation of foreign area post differentials under 5 U.S.C. 
5925(a) and danger pay allowances under 5 U.S.C. 5928; and
    (d) Application of pay administration provisions for prevailing 
rate employees which consider rates of basic pay under the GS pay 
system in setting pay (except as otherwise provided in 5 CFR part 532), 
subject to the requirement that, if the employee's actual special rate 
would not apply at the official worksite for the prevailing rate 
position, a special rate may be used only if it is a corresponding 
special rate on a special rate schedule that would cover the employee 
if his or her GS position of record were located at the same official 
worksite as the prevailing rate position, consistent with the 
geographic conversion rule in 5 CFR 531.205.


Sec.  530.309  Miscellaneous provisions.

    (a) A special rate may be paid only for those hours for which an 
employee is in a pay status.
    (b) A pay increase caused by an employee becoming entitled to a new 
or higher special rate supplement is not an equivalent increase in pay 
within the meaning of 5 U.S.C. 5335. (See 5 CFR 531.407(c).)
    (c) A special rate is included in an employee's total remuneration, 
as defined in 5 CFR 551.511(b), and straight time rate of pay, as 
defined in 5 CFR 551.512(b), for the purpose of overtime pay 
computations under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended.
    (d) The reduction or termination of an employee's special rate 
supplement in accordance with the requirements of this subpart is not 
an adverse action under 5 CFR part 752, subpart D, or an action under 5 
CFR 930.214.

Setting an Employee's Rate of Pay


Sec.  530.321  General.

    (a) This section and Sec. Sec.  530.322 and 530.323 provide 
conversion rules for setting an employee's pay when a special rate 
schedule is established, increased, decreased, or discontinued, or when 
an employee's coverage under an existing special rate schedule is 
affected by a change in coverage criteria. These conversion rules do 
not apply to changes in an employee's special rate entitlements based 
on a change in the employee's position of record or official worksite. 
Pay-setting rules for other personnel actions affecting special rate 
employees are provided in 5 CFR parts 531 and 536. For example, if an 
employee becomes covered by a special rate schedule as a result of a 
change in the employee's official worksite, the geographic conversion 
rule in 5 CFR 531.205 must be used to set the employee's rate(s) of 
basic pay in the new location before considering any

[[Page 31291]]

other simultaneous pay action (other than a general pay adjustment).
    (b) The conversion rules in Sec. Sec.  530.322 and 530.323 are 
considered general pay adjustments for the purpose of applying 5 CFR 
531.206 (dealing with the order of precedence for processing 
simultaneous pay actions). The rate(s) of pay resulting from these 
conversion rules are considered the employee's existing rate(s) of pay 
before processing the next simultaneous pay action in the order of 
precedence.


Sec.  530.322  Setting pay when a special rate schedule is newly 
established or increased.

    (a) General rule. When an employee holds a position that becomes 
covered by a newly established special rate schedule (including a 
schedule for which coverage is expanded) or increased special rate 
schedule (including an increased special rate range within a schedule), 
the agency must set the employee's rate of pay at the step or rate of 
the grade on the new special rate schedule that corresponds to the 
employee's existing numerical step or rate (as in effect immediately 
before the new special rate schedule takes effect), except as otherwise 
provided in this section. The corresponding special rate is determined 
by adding the applicable special rate supplement on top of the 
employee's GS rate, subject to the limitation that no special rate may 
exceed the rate for level IV of the Executive Schedule. For an employee 
receiving an LEO special base rate, add the applicable special rate 
supplement to the GS rate for the employee's grade and step, except as 
otherwise provided under Sec.  530.304(d).
    (b) Employee entitled to a higher rate of basic pay. As provided in 
Sec.  530.303(d), if an employee meeting the coverage conditions for a 
newly established or increased special rate schedule is entitled to a 
higher rate of basic pay under other legal authority, the employee must 
be paid at that higher rate.
    (c) Employee receiving a retained rate. When an employee is 
receiving a retained rate immediately before the employee's position is 
covered by a newly established or increased special rate schedule, the 
agency must determine the employee's rate of pay consistent with the 
requirements in 5 CFR part 536, subpart C (or 5 CFR 359.705 for a 
former member of the Senior Executive Service receiving a retained rate 
under that section).


Sec.  530.323  Setting pay when a special rate is discontinued or 
decreased.

    (a) General. This section applies when a special rate applicable to 
a position is discontinued or decreased because of--
    (1) A reduction or termination of the rates of the special rate 
schedule (or of rates of a rate range within a schedule); or
    (2) The reduction in the scope of coverage of the special rate 
schedule.
    (b) Employee entitled to pay retention. When a special rate 
applicable to a position is discontinued or decreased, and an employee 
holding the position is entitled to pay retention under 5 CFR part 536 
as a result, the employee's rate of pay must be set consistent with the 
requirements in 5 CFR part 536, subpart C.
    (c) Employee not entitled to pay retention. When a special rate 
applicable to a position is discontinued or decreased, and an employee 
holding the position is not entitled to pay retention under 5 CFR part 
536, the employee's rate of pay is set in the highest applicable rate 
range at the grade and step (or rate) that corresponds to the grade and 
step (or rate) for the employee's existing special rate (as in effect 
immediately before the schedule change).
    (d) Employee receiving a retained rate. When a special rate 
applicable to a position is discontinued or decreased, and the employee 
holding the position is receiving a retained rate immediately before 
the schedule change, the employee's rate of pay must be set consistent 
with the requirements in 5 CFR part 536, subpart C (or 5 CFR 359.705 
for a former member of the Senior Executive Service receiving a 
retained rate under that section).

PART 531--PAY UNDER THE GENERAL SCHEDULE

0
11. The authority citation for part 531 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 5115, 5307, and 5338; sec. 4 of Pub. L. 103-
89, 107 Stat. 981; and E.O. 12748, 56 FR 4521, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 
316; Subpart B also issued under 5 U.S.C. 5303(g), 5305, 5333, 
5334(a) and (b), and 7701(b)(2); Subpart D also issued under 5 
U.S.C. 5335(g) and 7701(b)(2); Subpart E also issued under 5 U.S.C. 
5336; Subpart F also issued under 5 U.S.C. 5304, 5305, and 5338; and 
E.O. 12883, 58 FR 63281, 3 CFR, 1993 Comp., p. 682 and E.O. 13106, 
63 FR 68151, 3 CFR, 1998 Comp., p. 224.


0
12. Revise subpart B to read as follows:

Subpart B--Determining Rate of Basic Pay

General Provisions

Sec.
531.201 Purpose.
531.202 Coverage.
531.203 Definitions.
531.204 Entitlement to other rates of pay.
531.205 Converting pay upon change in location of employee's 
official worksite.
531.206 Order of processing simultaneous pay actions.
531.207 Applying annual pay adjustments.

Setting Pay When Appointment or Position Changes

531.211 Setting pay for a newly appointed employee.
531.212 Superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting 
authority.
531.213 Setting pay upon change in position without a change in 
grade.
531.214 Setting pay upon promotion.
531.215 Setting pay upon demotion.
531.216 Setting pay when an employee moves from a Department of 
Defense or Coast Guard nonappropriated fund instrumentality.
531.217 Special conversion rules for certain non-GS employees.

Using a Highest Previous Rate Under the Maximum Payable Rate Rule

531.221 Maximum payable rate rule.
531.222 Rates of basic pay that may be used as the highest previous 
rate.
531.223 Rates of basic pay that may not be used as the highest 
previous rate.

Special Rules for GM Employees

531.241 Retaining and losing GM status.
531.242 Setting pay upon loss of GM status.
531.243 Promotion of a GM employee.
531.244 Adjusting a GM employee's rate at the time of an annual pay 
adjustment.
531.245 Computing locality rates and special rates for GM employees.
531.246 Within-grade increases for GM employees.
531.247 Maximum payable rate rule for GM employees.

Subpart B--Determining Rate of Basic Pay

General Provisions


Sec.  531.201  Purpose.

    This subpart contains regulations of the Office of Personnel 
Management (OPM) implementing 5 U.S.C 5332, 5333, and 5334, which deal 
with setting and adjusting rates of basic pay for General Schedule (GS) 
employees. These regulations are supplemented by regulations on GS 
within-grade increases in subpart D of this part; GS quality step 
increases in subpart E of this part; locality rates in subpart F of 
this part; special rates in 5 CFR part 530, subpart C; and grade and 
pay retention in 5 CFR part 536.


Sec.  531.202  Coverage.

    This subpart covers employees who occupy positions classified and 
paid under the GS classification and pay system, as provided in 5 
U.S.C. 5102 and 5331 or other applicable laws. Law

[[Page 31292]]

enforcement officers (LEOs) receiving LEO special base rates are 
covered by the GS classification and pay system, but receive higher 
base rates of pay in lieu of GS rates at grades GS-3 through GS-10. 
This subpart also covers GS employees who receive special rates under 5 
U.S.C. 5305 and 5 CFR part 530, subpart C.


Sec.  531.203  Definitions.

    In this subpart:
    Agency means an Executive agency as defined in 5 U.S.C. 105 or an 
agency in the legislative branch with employees covered by this 
subpart. To the extent that the regulations in this subpart relate to 
non-GS service in the Federal Government, agency includes any other 
agency in the Federal Government.
    Demotion means a change of an employee, while continuously 
employed, from one GS grade to a lower GS grade, with or without a 
reduction in pay.
    Employee means an employee as defined in 5 U.S.C. 2105 who is 
covered by this subpart. For the purpose of determining eligibility 
under the superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting 
authority in Sec.  531.212 and applying the maximum payable rate 
provisions in Sec. Sec.  531.216 and 531.221 (which consider rates of 
pay received during non-GS service in the Federal Government), employee 
also includes any employee as defined in 5 U.S.C. 2105 and--
    (1) An individual employed by the U.S. Postal Service or the Postal 
Rate Commission who would be considered an employee under 5 U.S.C. 2105 
but for the exclusion in section 2105(e); and
    (2) An individual employed by a Department of Defense or Coast 
Guard nonappropriated fund instrumentality (as described in 5 U.S.C. 
2105(c)) for service covered by Sec.  531.216 (for the purpose of 
applying that section and Sec. Sec.  531.211 and 531.212).
    Existing rate means the rate received immediately before a pay 
action takes effect, after processing a general pay adjustment and any 
other simultaneous pay action that is higher in the order of precedence 
under Sec.  531.206. For example, the existing rate immediately before 
a promotion action must reflect any geographic conversion under Sec.  
531.205 and any simultaneous within-grade increase or quality step 
increase.
    Federal Government means all entities of the Government of the 
United States, including the U.S. Postal Service and the Postal Rate 
Commission. The District of Columbia is deemed to be part of the 
Federal Government with respect to employees of the government of the 
District of Columbia (DC) who were first employed by that government 
before October 1, 1987. A Department of Defense or Coast Guard 
nonappropriated fund instrumentality (as described in 5 U.S.C. 2105(c)) 
is not considered part of the Federal Government except for the purpose 
of applying Sec. Sec.  531.211 and 531.212 to employees covered by 
Sec.  531.216 upon employment in a GS position.
    General Schedule or GS means the classification and pay system 
established under 5 U.S.C. chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53. 
It also refers to the pay schedule of GS rates established under 5 
U.S.C. 5332, as adjusted under 5 U.S.C. 5303 or other law (including GS 
rates payable to GM employees). Law enforcement officers (LEOs) 
receiving LEO special base rates are covered by the GS classification 
and pay system but receive higher base rates of pay in lieu of GS rates 
at grades GS-3 through GS-10.
    GM employee means a GS employee who was formerly covered by the 
Performance Management and Recognition System under 5 U.S.C. chapter 54 
on October 31, 1993 (and therefore became covered on November 1, 1993, 
by section 4 of Pub. L. 103-89, the Performance Management and 
Recognition System Termination Act of 1993), and who continues 
thereafter to occupy a position as a supervisor or management official 
(as defined in 5 U.S.C. 7103(a)(10) and (11)) in the same grade of the 
General Schedule (GS-13, 14, or 15) and in the same agency without a 
break in service of more than 3 days. (See Sec.  531.241.) Any 
reference to employees, grades, positions, or rates of basic pay under 
the General Schedule includes GM employees.
    GS rate means a rate of basic pay within the General Schedule, 
excluding any LEO special base rate and additional pay of any kind such 
as locality payments or special rate supplements. A rate payable to a 
GM employee is considered a GS rate even though the rate may fall 
between GS step rates.
    Highest applicable rate range means the rate range applicable to a 
GS employee based on a given position of record and official worksite 
that provides the highest rates of basic pay, excluding any retained 
rates. For example, a rate range of special rates may exceed an 
applicable locality rate range. In certain circumstances, the highest 
applicable rate range may consist of two types of pay rates from 
different pay schedules--e.g., a range where special rates (based on a 
fixed dollar supplement) are higher in the lower portion of the range 
and locality rates are higher in the higher portion of the range.
    Law enforcement officer or LEO has the meaning given that term in 5 
CFR 550.103.
    LEO special base rate means a special base rate established for GS 
law enforcement officers at grades GS-3 through GS-10 under section 403 
of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act of 1990 (section 529 of 
Pub. L. 101-509, November 5, 1990, as amended) which is used in lieu of 
a GS rate.
    Locality payment means a locality-based comparability payment 
payable to GS employees under 5 U.S.C. 5304 and 5 CFR part 531, subpart 
F.
    Locality rate means a GS rate or an LEO special base rate, if 
applicable, plus any applicable locality payment.
    Official worksite means the official location of the employee's 
position of record, as determined under 5 CFR 531.605.
    OPM means the Office of Personnel Management.
    Payable rate means the highest rate of basic pay to which an 
employee is entitled based on the employee's position of record, 
official worksite, and step (or relative position in range for a GM 
employee) or, if applicable, a retained rate.
    Pay schedule means a set of rate ranges established for GS 
employees under a single authority--i.e., the General Schedule, an LEO 
special base rate schedule (for grades GS-3 through 10), a locality 
rate schedule based on GS rates, a locality rate schedule based on LEO 
special base rates (for grades GS-3 through 10), or a special rate 
schedule. A pay schedule applies to or covers a defined category of 
employees based on established coverage conditions (e.g., official 
worksite, occupation). A pay schedule is considered to apply to or 
cover an employee who meets the established coverage conditions even 
when a rate under that schedule is not currently payable to the 
employee because of a higher pay entitlement under another pay 
schedule.
    Position of record means an employee's official position (defined 
by grade, occupational series, employing agency, LEO status, and any 
other condition that determines coverage under a pay schedule (other 
than official worksite)), as documented on the employee's most recent 
Notification of Personnel Action (Standard Form 50 or equivalent) and 
current position description, excluding any position to which the 
employee is temporarily detailed. For an employee whose change in 
official position is followed within 3 workdays by a reduction in force 
resulting in the employee's separation

[[Page 31293]]

before he or she is required to report for duty in the new position, 
the position of record in effect immediately before the position change 
is deemed to remain the position of record through the date of 
separation.
    Promotion means a GS employee's movement from one GS grade to a 
higher GS grade while continuously employed (including such a movement 
in conjunction with a transfer).
    Rate of basic pay means the rate of pay fixed by law or 
administrative action for the position held by a GS employee before any 
deductions, including a GS rate, an LEO special base rate, a special 
rate, a locality rate, a retained rate, but exclusive of additional pay 
of any other kind. For the purpose of applying the maximum payable rate 
rules in Sec. Sec.  531.216 and 531.221 to non-GS employees, rate of 
basic pay means a rate of pay under other legal authority which is 
equivalent to a rate of basic pay for GS employees, as described in 
this definition.
    Rate range or range means a range of rates of basic pay for a grade 
within an established pay schedule, excluding any retained rate. A rate 
range may consist of GS rates, LEO special base rates, locality rates, 
special rates, or, for non-GS employees, similar rates under other 
legal authority.
    Reassignment means a change of an employee, while serving 
continuously in the same agency, from one position to another without 
promotion or demotion.
    Reemployment means employment, including reinstatement or another 
type of appointment, after a break in service of at least 1 full 
workday.
    Retained rate means a rate above the maximum rate of the rate range 
applicable to a GS employee which is payable under 5 CFR part 536 or, 
for a former member of the Senior Executive Service, under 5 CFR 
359.705.
    Special rate means a rate of pay within a special rate schedule 
established under 5 CFR part 530, subpart C, or a similar rate for GS 
employees established under other legal authority (e.g., 38 U.S.C. 
7455). The term special rate does not include an LEO special base rate.
    Special rate schedule means a pay schedule established under 5 CFR 
part 530, subpart C, to provide higher rates of pay for specified 
categories of GS positions or employees at one or more grades or levels 
or a similar schedule established for GS employees under other legal 
authority (e.g., 38 U.S.C. 7455).
    Special rate supplement means the portion of a special rate paid 
above an employee's GS rate after applying any applicable pay 
limitation. For a law enforcement officer receiving an LEO special base 
rate who is also entitled to a special rate under 5 CFR part 530, 
subpart C, the special rate supplement increases the LEO's pay only to 
the extent that the resulting special rate exceeds the LEO's rate of 
basic pay.
    Temporary promotion means a time-limited promotion with a not-to-
exceed date or a specified term.
    Transfer means a change of an employee, without a break in service 
of 1 full workday, from one branch of the Federal Government 
(executive, legislative, or judicial) to another or from one agency to 
another.
    Where different pay schedules apply means, in the context of 
applying the geographic conversion rule, that an employee's official 
worksite is changed to a new location that would cause the employee to 
lose or gain coverage under a location-based pay schedule (i.e., 
locality rate schedule or special rate schedule) if the employee were 
to remain in the same position of record.
    Within-grade increase has the meaning given that term in Sec.  
531.403.


Sec.  531.204  Entitlement to other rates of pay.

    (a) A law enforcement officer is entitled to LEO special base rates 
in lieu of GS rates at grades GS-3 through GS-10. A law enforcement 
officer is entitled to the LEO special base rate that corresponds to 
his or her grade and step. If an employee loses LEO status, the 
employee is entitled to the GS rate for his or her grade and step 
unless a higher rate is set under the maximum payable rate rule in 
Sec.  531.221 or under the pay retention rules in 5 CFR part 536, as 
applicable. LEO special base rates are used in computing locality 
rates, as provided in subpart F of this part. A law enforcement officer 
may be entitled to a special rate that is computed using the underlying 
GS rate for the LEO's grade and step.
    (b) When an employee's GS rate or LEO special base rate is 
determined under the rules of this subpart, the agency must determine 
any other rate of basic pay to which the employee is entitled, 
including a locality rate under subpart F of this part and a special 
rate under 5 CFR part 530, subpart C, or other legal authority (e.g., 
38 U.S.C. 7455). The employee is entitled to the highest applicable 
rate of basic pay as his or her payable rate. When an employee's 
special rate is surpassed by a higher locality rate, his or her 
entitlement to a special rate is terminated, as provided in Sec.  
530.303(d).
    (c) When application of the rules in this subpart results in 
setting an employee's payable rate in the highest applicable pay 
schedule (e.g., a locality rate schedule or a special rate schedule), 
the agency must determine the employee's underlying GS rate or LEO 
special base rate, as applicable, based on that payable rate (i.e., by 
finding the corresponding underlying rate with the same grade and step 
(or relative position) as the payable rate).


Sec.  531.205  Converting pay upon change in location of employee's 
official worksite.

    When an employee's official worksite is changed to a new location 
where different pay schedules apply, the agency must convert the 
employee's rate(s) of basic pay to the applicable pay schedule(s) in 
the new location before processing any simultaneous pay action (other 
than a general pay adjustment, as provided in Sec.  531.206). The 
agency must first set the employee's rate(s) of basic pay in the 
applicable pay schedule(s) in the new location based on his or her 
position of record (including grade) and step (or rate) immediately 
before the change in the employee's official worksite. The resulting 
rate must be used as the existing rate in processing the next 
simultaneous pay action in the order of precedence, using the 
applicable pay schedules in the new location. In conjunction with any 
simultaneous pay actions, the employee's rate(s) of basic pay will then 
be set based on the employee's new position of record and new official 
worksite.


Sec.  531.206  Order of processing simultaneous pay actions.

    When multiple pay actions with the same effective date affect an 
employee's rate of basic pay, the actions will be processed in the 
following order:
    (a) Process general pay adjustments before any individual pay 
action that takes effect at the same time. General pay adjustments 
include an annual adjustment in the General Schedule under 5 U.S.C. 
5303; an adjustment in LEO special base rates; an adjustment of a 
locality pay percentage under subpart F of this part; the establishment 
or adjustment of a special rate schedule under 5 CFR part 530, subpart 
C, or similar legal authority (e.g., 38 U.S.C. 7455); and an adjustment 
of a retained rate under 5 CFR 359.705(d)(1) and 536.305(a)(1) based on 
the establishment or adjustment of a pay schedule.
    (b) Convert the employee's rate(s) of pay to reflect any change in 
the location of the employee's official worksite, as prescribed in 
Sec.  531.205 (or similar geographic conversion provision).

[[Page 31294]]

    (c) Process any within-grade increase or quality step increase to 
which the employee is entitled.
    (d) Process any promotion action using the rates of pay and rate 
ranges in the sequence prescribed in Sec.  531.214.
    (e) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (a) through (d) of 
this section or other regulation, process individual pay actions that 
take effect at the same time in the order that gives the employee the 
maximum benefit.


Sec.  531.207  Applying annual pay adjustments.

    (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, on the effective 
date of a GS pay adjustment under 5 U.S.C. 5303 or similar authority, 
an agency initially must set the GS rate of a GS employee at the new 
rate of the adjusted General Schedule corresponding to the employee's 
grade and step in effect immediately before the effective date of the 
pay adjustment. Any simultaneous pay actions must be processed after 
the pay adjustment, as provided in Sec.  531.206.
    (b) For employees receiving a retained rate immediately before the 
effective date of a GS annual pay adjustment, the agency must adjust 
the employee's rate of basic pay under the rules in 5 CFR 536.305 (or 
under 5 CFR 359.705 for former members of the Senior Executive Service 
receiving a retained rate under that section).
    (c) For GM employees, the agency must follow the rules in Sec.  
531.244.

Setting Pay When Appointment or Position Changes


Sec.  531.211  Setting pay for a newly appointed employee.

    (a) First appointment. An agency must set the payable rate of basic 
pay for an employee receiving his or her first appointment (regardless 
of tenure) as a civilian employee of the Federal Government at the 
minimum rate of the highest applicable rate range for the employee's 
position of record, except as provided in Sec.  531.212.
    (b) Reemployment. For an employee who has previous civilian service 
in the Federal Government, an agency must set the payable rate of basic 
pay upon reemployment at the minimum rate of the highest applicable 
rate range for the employee's position of record unless--
    (1) The employee meets the conditions in Sec.  531.212 and an 
agency determines it is appropriate to set pay under that section; or
    (2) The employee is eligible for a higher payable rate under the 
maximum payable rate rule in Sec.  531.221 and the agency chooses to 
apply that rule.


Sec.  531.212  Superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting 
authority.

    (a) Agency authority. (1) An agency may use the superior 
qualifications and special needs pay-setting authority in 5 U.S.C. 5333 
to set the payable rate of basic pay for an employee above the minimum 
rate of the highest applicable rate range for the employee's position 
of record. The superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting 
authority may be used for--
    (i) A first appointment (regardless of tenure) as a civilian 
employee of the Federal Government; or
    (ii) A reappointment that is considered a new appointment under 5 
U.S.C. 5333 because it meets the conditions prescribed in paragraph 
(a)(2) and (3) of this section.
    (2) An agency may use the superior qualifications and special needs 
pay-setting authority for a reappointment only when the employee has 
had a break in service of at least 90 days from the last period of 
civilian employment with the Federal Government, except as provided in 
paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
    (3) An agency may use the superior qualifications and special needs 
pay-setting authority for a reappointment without requiring a 90-day 
break in service if the candidate's civilian employment with the 
Federal Government during the 90-day period immediately preceding the 
appointment was limited to one or more of the following:
    (i) Employment under a time-limited or non-permanent appointment in 
the competitive or excepted service;
    (ii) Employment under an appointment as an expert or consultant 
under 5 U.S.C. 3109 and 5 CFR part 304; or
    (iii) Employment under a provisional appointment designated under 5 
CFR 316.403.
    (4) Service as an employee of a nonappropriated fund 
instrumentality (NAFI) of the Department of Defense or Coast Guard is 
not considered employment by the Federal Government under this section 
except for employees covered by Sec.  531.216 upon appointment or 
reappointment (i.e., employees who move from NAFI position to GS 
position with a break in service of 3 days or less and without a change 
in agency). Employees covered by Sec.  531.216 upon appointment or 
reappointment to a GS position are not eligible to have pay set under 
the superior qualifications or special needs authority, since their 
NAFI employment is considered employment by the Federal Government. 
Otherwise, NAFI employment does not block application of this section.
    (b) Superior qualifications or special needs determination. An 
agency may set the payable rate of basic pay of a newly appointed 
employee above the minimum rate of the grade under this section if the 
candidate meets one of the following criteria:
    (1) The candidate has superior qualifications. An agency may 
determine that a candidate has superior qualifications based on the 
level, type, or quality of the candidate's skills or competencies 
demonstrated or obtained through experience and/or education, the 
quality of the candidate's accomplishments compared to others in the 
field, or other factors that support a superior qualifications 
determination. The candidate's skills, competencies, experience, 
education, and/or accomplishments must be relevant to the requirements 
of the position to be filled. These qualities must be significantly 
higher than that needed to be minimally required for the position and/
or be of a more specialized quality compared to other candidates; or
    (2) The candidate fills a special agency need. An agency may 
determine that a candidate fills a special agency need if the type, 
level, or quality of skills and competencies or other qualities and 
experiences possessed by the candidate are relevant to the requirements 
of the position and are essential to accomplishing an important agency 
mission, goal, or program activity. A candidate also may meet the 
special needs criteria by meeting agency workforce needs, as documented 
in the agency's strategic human capital plan.
    (c) Pay rate determination. An agency may consider one or more of 
the following factors, as applicable in the case at hand, to determine 
the step at which to set an employee's payable rate of basic pay using 
the superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting authority:
    (1) The level, type, or quality of the candidate's skills or 
competencies;
    (2) The candidate's existing salary, recent salary history, or 
salary documented in a competing job offer (taking into account the 
location where the salary was or would be earned and comparing the 
salary to payable rates of basic pay in the same location);
    (3) Significant disparities between Federal and non-Federal 
salaries for the skills and competencies required in the position to be 
filled;
    (4) Existing labor market conditions and employment trends, 
including the availability and quality of candidates for the same or 
similar positions;

[[Page 31295]]

    (5) The success of recent efforts to recruit candidates for the 
same or similar positions;
    (6) Recent turnover in the same or similar positions;
    (7) The importance/criticality of the position to be filled and the 
effect on the agency if it is not filled or if there is a delay in 
filling it;
    (8) The desirability of the geographic location, duties, and/or 
work environment associated with the position;
    (9) Agency workforce needs, as documented in the agency's strategic 
human capital plan; or
    (10) Other relevant factors.
    (d) Consideration of recruitment incentive. In determining whether 
to use the superior qualifications and special needs pay-setting 
authority and the level at which the employee's payable rate of basic 
pay should be set, an